2024-03-28T10:52:54Zhttps://www.viurrspace.ca/server/oai/requestoai:viurrspace.ca:10170/6602017-04-24T16:41:17Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Hood, Robert
advisor
Ling, Chris
advisor
Heinz, Matthew
author
Webster, Donald
2013-11-28T02:00:52Z
2013-11-28T02:00:52Z
2013-11-27
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/660
Anecdotal information indicates that conflict exists between Adventure Tourism Operators (ATOs) and snowmobilers in the backcountry of British Columbia. Focusing on the Sea-to-Sky Corridor, a survey was conducted among winter ATOs to determine the extent of the conflict, the role of land management policies as well as the proposed Off-Road Vehicle (ORV) Management Framework in managing such interactions. Initial conclusions suggest that: 1) conflict does exist; 2) existing structure for managing interactions is inadequate; 3) ATOs consider it the responsibility of the BC Government to manage interactions, and; 4) ATOs have a low level of confidence in the BC Government to effectively manage interactions. This study presents five recommendations for government regulators to consider if or when the ORV Management Framework moves forward.
Adventure Tourism
Backcountry
Conflict
Environment
Management
Snowmobilers
Adventure tourism operators and snowmobilers : managing interactions
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8912017-04-24T16:41:53Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_605com_10170_506com_10170_140col_10170_36col_10170_606
VIURRSpace
advisor
Haliwell, David
author
Jaekel, Jonathan
2016-05-05T22:50:17Z
2016-05-05T22:50:17Z
2016-05-05
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/891
This study has examined an Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP) program, which mandates the use of high fidelity simulation (HFS). Intrinsic case study methodology has been utilized to collect and analyse qualitative and quantitative data. Data includes semi-structured interviews and demographic surveys of program instructors as well as an inventory artifacts used in HFS. Participants for the study believe that HFS allows students to gain proficiency, build self-confidence and ultimately increase patient safety. They also believe HFS must closely match the conditions in which students learn and work. These factors are encompassed in the theory of operational realities of the paramedic practice environment (ORPPE), which includes, safety, environmental, communication, and patient access. Participants also feel that additional training is required before they can feel comfortable conducting HFS exercises.
Case Study
Education, Interdisciplinary
Paramedic, Qualitative
Simulation
How will the use of high fidelity simulation in a North American paramedic curriculum contribute to high quality teaching and learning?
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/231252023-08-19T20:10:11Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Wilson, Mandi K
2020-04-02T22:01:36Z
2020-04-02T22:01:36Z
2020-04-02
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23125http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15033https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/23125/Wilson_royalroads_1313O_10668.pdf
The engineering profession’s need for communication skills is acknowledged by the Washington Accord in relation to academic elements. This pragmatic study sought to better understand the issues through a broader examination of engineering and culture, interpersonal skills, and communication education and it’s fit in engineering education in Canada. Guided by the Situation Cognitive Theory, surveys of engineers, learning outcomes and assignments in communication course outlines of incorporated communication courses in Bachelor of Engineering programs in Canada were thematically analyzed, guided by Grounded Theory. These analyses were compared to find possible enhancements or gaps in current curricula. Results found the already strong teamwork content would be enhanced by incorporating conflict management, leadership and professionalism. Enhancing the situated communication tasks in courses would also benefit from the addition or strengthening rhetoric and persuasion content
en
Communication Across Curriculum
Communication In Discipline
Engineering Education
Interpersonal skills in Canadian engineering : understanding professional needs and curricula
Royal Roads University
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/234752021-06-02T00:52:27Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
Straughan, Nicole Ann
2020-12-22T23:05:05Z
2020-12-22T23:05:05Z
2020-12-22
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23475http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15368
Human actions may compromise the health and the social, ecological, and economic value of the ocean. In response, Ocean Wise, an ocean conservation organization, launched a national service-learning program, Ocean Bridge, to mentor 40 youths aged 18 to 30 in delivering ocean-related service projects to raise ocean literacy and instill a life-long commitment to ocean health. The purpose of this research was to evaluate Ocean Bridge by exploring the experiences of participants from the 2018 cohort. Qualitative semi-structured interviews informed by an Appreciative Inquiry methodology were applied to understand the youths’ experiences. The results revealed community, personal growth, professional development, and pride as common themes of their experiences. The participants’ responses also offered examples of when Ocean Bridge was at its best in advancing ocean literacy, improving ocean health, and inspiring a culture of service leading to recommendations for the future development and facilitation of Ocean Bridge.
en
Appreciative Inquiry
Ocean literacy
Experiential education
Service-learning
Youth development
ocean conservation
An appreciative inquiry of youths’ experiences in the national service-learning program Ocean Bridge
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/124372019-09-26T00:17:48Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
author
Kapell, Nicole
2019-05-08T11:57:01Z
2019-05-08T11:57:01Z
2019-05-08
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/12437http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-6767
Since the arrival of Canadian colonial administration, the Ktunaxa Nation has experienced many different types of land and resource development by outsiders within their homelands and the cumulative impacts of these development projects are a concern for citizens and leadership. The Ktunaxa worldview establishes stewardship obligations that include protection and preservation of the lands and resources within their homelands for future generations. Current CEAM methodology within Canada and British Columbia has many challenges, and in particular does a poor job at integrating Indigenous Knowledge in a meaningful way. Engagement with Ktunaxa through survey and gatherings identified that the Ktunaxa Nation Council (KNC) should take the lead on environmental stewardship, including cumulative effects management, to fulfill their responsibilities. The results of this research propose a Ktunaxa CEAM Framework that is grounded in Ktunaxa worldview, which can be applied collaboratively with other governments and practitioners. The Ktunaxa CEAM Framework is based on defining goals for environmental health, giving equal consideration to assessment, management and monitoring, and allows for increased collaboration with Ktunaxa citizens, external governments and stakeholders. The CEAM Framework is theoretical in nature, and it is recommended that it be applied in future CEAM processes in ʔamakʔis Ktunaxa in order to assess its efficacy.
en
Cumulative Effects
Environmental Assessment
Indigenous Knowledge
Ktunaxa
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Ktunaxa knowledge and governance : reframing cumulative effects assessment and management
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/245052021-09-11T14:22:37Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Mitchell, Ann
2021-09-10T18:09:00Z
2021-09-10T18:09:00Z
2021-09-10
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/24505http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-16327
This study attempted to understand the critical relationship between the Chief Administrative
Officer (CAO) and municipal council, and further how it affects stakeholders. A review was
made of the literature on local government in general, CAOs, and leadership. Qualitative
research, and specifically exploring personal experience, was the best approach to understand the
nature of this alliance. This research adheres to the Royal Roads University Research Ethics
Policy. A broad Canada wide survey was used (866 responses), followed by narrative interviews
(five CAOs and five politicians) to generate the data. The responses confirmed that the
CAO/council relationship was indeed a critical one, further, that the largest contributor to the
downfall of this relationship was role clarity. Through the research a systems model was
developed to demonstrate the interactions between cause and effect.
en
CAO
City Manager
Local Government
Municipal Council
Local government - enhancing the relationships between CAO and council
Thesis
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/6472017-04-24T16:29:29Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Moss, Michael
advisor
Heinz, Matthew
advisor
Ling, Chris
author
Bonokoski, Alex Isidor
2013-09-24T21:00:53Z
2013-09-24T21:00:53Z
2013-09-24
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/647
Wetlands are recognized for the diverse range of ecosystem services they provide. However, most economic valuations focus on the biophysical ecosystem services and disregard the cultural ecosystem services. A better understanding of the cultural ecosystem services that suburban wetlands provide supplements wetland valuations and contributes to wetland preservation and sustainable suburban development. This study, which was conducted in Sherwood Park, Alberta, explores how suburban residents use, perceive, and value suburban wetlands and draws conclusions about the cultural ecosystem services provided by suburban wetlands. Suburban wetlands have implicit existence value; they are aesthetically pleasing; and they provide recreational, spiritual, and intellectual opportunities. Suburban wetlands are venues for relaxation, stress relief, and connecting with nature. Residents have strong positive feelings toward suburban wetlands, and a strong preference for incorporating natural wetland elements into suburban developments. Incorporating natural wetlands contributes to sustainable suburban development and produces economic, social, and ecological benefits.
environmental economics
environmental management
municipal development
suburban wetlands
wetland design
wetlands
The cultural ecosystem services provided by a semi-natural suburban wetland
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/230912020-06-16T16:12:27Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
author
Schwass, Tamara
2020-03-20T01:03:10Z
2020-03-20T01:03:10Z
2020-03-20
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23091http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15003
Red Deer, Alberta hosted Canada’s largest amateur sporting event in February 2019, the Canada Winter Games (CWG). There is little research on sustainability on the scale of a national amateur sporting event or impacts within the host community. Therefore, the research questions asked: can the introduction of sustainability initiatives through a sporting event truly have a lasting impact on the future of sustainability practices in Red Deer? Pre- and post-Game interviews were conducted with the sustainability managers and individuals at organizations involved in planning the Games. The results highlight that local community members are instrumental in affecting change by setting goals and it is critical to engage in planning sustainable initiatives as early as possible. Hosting the Games served as a catalyst for a range of sustainability initiatives in the City of Red Deer, which suggests that sustainable practices are likely to grow in the community.
en
Canada Winter Games
Community
Legacy
Red Deer
Sports
Sustainability
Study on the sustainability legacy of the Canada Winter Games in Red Deer
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/66262019-09-26T02:30:42Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_631com_10170_630com_10170_629col_10170_36col_10170_632
VIURRSpace
author
Rouyer, Jeff Edouard
2018-08-13T22:04:36Z
2018-08-13T22:04:36Z
2018-08-132018-08-13
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6626http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1529
People of Spanish-speaking origin with limited English proficiency is an increasing demographic in many U.S. communities. This group faces language and cultural barriers that affect access to quality healthcare and patient safety. The best way to reduce these barriers is to promote direct bilingual interaction between healthcare professionals and their patients. My research supports this goal through the development and implementation of a Virtual Patient Based Learning Model (VPBLM) as a platform to promote second language learning in a complex Spanish for Healthcare Professionals program. The VPBLM features voice-recognition and virtual patient technical innovations along with student-centered learning strategies derived from the theoretical framework of engagement theory and the motivation-based design principles of Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) model. The results of my research after implementation of design-based research methodology show that the VPBLM offered value and motivation to students learning Spanish and cultural competency with implications for application across broader educational contexts.
en
ARCS model
cultural competency
design-based research
engagement theory
second language learning
virtual patient
The design of a virtual patient based learning model as a process to improve second language learning and cultural competence for healthcare professionals
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/274562023-07-13T04:34:09Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_935com_10170_934com_10170_711col_10170_36col_10613_5041
VIURRSpace
advisor
Brown, Carol
author
Huska, Stephanie
2023-07-12T22:04:23Z
2023-07-12T22:04:23Z
2023-07-12
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/27456http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-19140
This exploratory qualitative study considers the connection between life experience and compassion by conducting two virtual circle processes with volunteers located in Williams Lake, British Columbia. A network selection strategy was used to gather 10 participants, resulting in two circles with five volunteers each. The two virtual circle processes were recorded, then the dialogue was transcribed and analyzed for themes by means of narrative analysis. The definition of compassion used for this study is the ability to understand another’s suffering and the desire to relieve them of their suffering. The research conducted for this paper uses volunteers as participants to understand compassion in practical applications. Six themes were developed from the data and are as follows; connection, it feels good, volunteering modeled, religious anchor, common humanity and recognition of economic inequality. The six themes fit into three compassion cultivation domains, which I named self, soul and external.
en
The impact of life experiences on the expression of compassionate action in volunteers
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4962017-04-24T16:38:08Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
MacVicar, Rod
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
Thorpe, Leah Irene
2012-05-17T01:18:37Z
2012-05-17T01:18:37Z
2012-05-16
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/496
Due to British Columbia‟s expansive coastline and limited funding for marine mammal conservation, research projects rely heavily on citizen scientists, or volunteers who contribute data. Professional mariners are an important target audience for such projects. In an attempt to increase participation by this sector, I designed a workshop using the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation (ADDIE) process. I worked closely with four marine mammal conservation societies and conducted an analysis phase with the Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) using a combination of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. I discovered that there is some awareness of existing conservation programs within the CCG but understanding of these programs as well as basic marine mammal knowledge and identification skills are limited. I also learned the importance of consistent feedback for continued participation and was able to relay information to the societies involved as well as use it to guide the development of my workshop.
Marine mammal conservation
Professional mariners
Engaging professional mariners in marine mammal conservation
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/274742023-07-21T01:33:56Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10613_23570com_10170_688com_10170_687col_10170_36col_10613_23571
VIURRSpace
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Guelke, Karoline
author
Ozero, Jordon
2023-07-20T22:05:30Z
2023-07-20T22:05:30Z
2023-07-20
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/27474http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-19152
This thesis explores the phenomenon of secular transformative tourism on the Camino de Santiago, identifying catalysts that facilitate the experience. As primary motivations for walking the Camino have shifted from religious and spiritual towards secular, this research corroborates that many modern pilgrims seek transformation rather than transcendence. Four main themes of catalysts were observed: communitas, liminality, physical elements, and Spanish elements. The catalysts identified allow individuals to address explicit issues in their lives and tap into unrealized potential for transformation. As the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals need to re-establish their physical, mental, and emotional health. For tourism organizations looking to enhance transformative experiences, the elements of motivation, catalyst, and transformation within this study may be incorporated into activities and events. Based on a sample of 15 Canadian participants, this study identified 25 catalysts that link motivations to walk the Camino with the transformations experienced by participants. Overall, this study offers a way forward for the emerging field of transformative tourism by providing insights into the importance catalysts have in facilitating transformative experiences for individuals seeking transformation and for tourism organizations wishing to create an environment that is conducive to transformation for their guests.
en
El Camino de Santiago: a catalyst for transformative tourism in the secular space
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4872017-04-24T16:37:58Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
advisor
Myers, Judith
advisor
Boydell, Anthony
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
MacNaughton, Carleton, James
2012-04-25T22:53:48Z
2012-04-25T22:53:48Z
2012-04-25
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/487
Invasive plants can have significant ecological effects. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is of particular concern in North America, where its competitive nature can seriously degrade natural grasslands. This study, conducted in the White Lake Basin region of British Columbia, investigated the impact of cheatgrass on native plant diversity and the relationship between diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) and introduced grass cover. The study also analysed the association of cheatgrass with other grass species to provide insight in selecting grass seed composition for seeding after habitat disturbance. Results indicated higher native grass diversity in plots without cheatgrass and in plots containing bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoregneria spicata). While diffuse knapweed decreased during the study period, due to biological control, invasive grasses increased. Native grass species positively associated with cheatgrass include needle and thread grass (Hesperostipa comata), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda), and sixweeks fescue (Vulpia octoflora), indicating potential for seeding in disturbed areas prone to cheatgrass.
Invasive Plants
Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum)
White Lake Basin
Invasive plant influence on the native grass community of the White Lake Basin, British Columbia
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/56882019-09-26T03:14:04Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
MacQuarrie Tindle, Alison
2018-04-04T01:27:49Z
2018-04-04T01:27:49Z
2018-04-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5688http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-625
The Duvernay Formation of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin underlies portions of the Upper Athabasca Watershed. To access unconventional shale resources in the Duvernay Formation, horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing were introduced to the area. Hydraulic fracturing requires large volumes of surface water for enhanced completions. This study examines the impacts of surface water allocations, as determined by the Alberta Desktop Method, on water availability of the Upper Athabasca Watershed, under the conditions of global climate change. Results of this study find most water allocations issued through temporary diversion licenses meet the constraints of the Alberta Desktop Method. The greatest risk for water imbalance scenarios occurs during winter months when historical surface water flows measure the lowest. Findings of this research will assist decision makers in understanding current and future water balance scenarios, and in determining appropriate and sustainable water management techniques for hydraulic fracturing operations throughout the Duvernay Formation.
en
athabasca
climate change
hydraulic fracturing
water
Case study analysis on the impacts of surface water allocations for hydraulic fracturing on surface water availability of the upper Athabasca River
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MacQuarrieTindle_royalroads_1313O_10521.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/251952021-11-19T01:26:35Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Stubbert, Ivanette
2021-11-18T02:02:54Z
2021-11-18T02:02:54Z
2021-11-18
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25195http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17012
Effective leadership and a supportive organizational culture are integral for an authentic culture of quality and patient safety to develop. I aimed to understand the essential leadership competencies deemed necessary for the evolution of an organizational culture focused on quality and patient safety from the perspectives of frontline providers, including knowledge translation strategies developed to assist with implementation of the results. The primary inquiry question guiding this study was: “How might paramedic leaders foster a safe to fail culture in paramedic care environments for the purpose of quality improvement and patient safety?” Several leadership competencies were found to be related to ensuring the psychological safety of frontline providers. Effective leadership at all levels of an organization was highlighted as a key success factor in
building a robust organizational culture focused on improving quality and safety for the patients served.
en
Culture of safety
Fair and Just Culture
Leadership
Organizational culture
Patient Safety
Quality Improvement
Nurturing an authentic culture of quality improvement and patient safety in paramedicine
URL
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MD5
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1394780
application/pdf
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MD5
d93dec9c965e660d632f5e931869aceb
222708
text/plain
Stubbert_royalroads_1313O_10782.pdf.txt
URL
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File
MD5
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image/jpeg
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/252642022-06-08T03:35:36Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
Leighton, Hilary
author
Deaville, Rhonda
2022-01-27T20:03:18Z
2022-01-27T20:03:18Z
2022-01-27
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25264http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17074
Through an inter-play between practicing prairie artists, their aesthetic way-of-knowing landscapes they inhabit, and the artwork they produce as a result, this research explored how an aesthetic pedagogic approach might enhance conservation education for a perishing prairie grassland. This was accomplished within ethno- and auto-ethnographical methods using phenomenological and arts-based approaches to capture a day-in-the-life of five artists and personal journal entries. A combination of narratives derived from semi-structured interviews, in-process and finished artwork and fieldnotes rounded out this body of research data. Purposefully, A/R/Tographic ideologies were embedded in the auto-ethnographical portion to investigate how my own Artist/Researcher/Teacher experiences have influenced my art- and meaning-making. From this analysis, it became evident that perhaps the artist’s stories and their art-making generate a more aesthetic pedagogical possibility for environmental education and communication.
en
A/R/Tography
aesthetics
arts-based research
conservation education
ethnography
prairie landscape artists
Big sky, deep roots : an aesthetic way of knowing the prairie landscape and the implications for conservation education
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MD5
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Deaville_royalroads_1313O_10804.pdf
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MD5
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197498
text/plain
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URL
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File
MD5
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18253
image/jpeg
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/9122017-04-24T16:35:39Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_605com_10170_506com_10170_140col_10170_36col_10170_606
VIURRSpace
advisor
Wafai, Hassan
author
Harvey, Cal
2016-08-04T03:04:02Z
2016-08-04T03:04:02Z
2016-08-03
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/912
Modular building holds the promise of overcoming challenges facing Canada’s construction industry. However, construction companies have been slow to embrace the benefits. Despite studies addressing the engineering challenges of this innovative building system, the Canadian modular industry lags the developed world.
Seven potential non-engineering barriers to modular construction were identified in the literature reviewed. They are the perception of poor quality, challenges in securing financing, a lack of mechanization in the production process, general contractors unfamiliar with modular products, architects unfamiliar with designing for modular projects, engineers unfamiliar with modular design requirements, and transportation challenges.
Using a five-factor model identified in the literature reviewed that explains the uptake of innovative practices in the construction industry, the seven potential barriers were developed as a base for this research. These seven potential barriers were examined by a non-random survey of 10 participants in British Columbia and Alberta and found, to varying degrees, to be likely impediments to the broader adoption of modular construction in Western Canada.
Canada
construction
innovation
modular
Thinking inside the box : factors that influence the adoption of modular construction in Western Canada
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/86182019-09-26T00:49:35Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_935com_10170_934com_10170_711col_10170_36col_10170_956
VIURRSpace
author
Niederer, Susanna
2018-12-07T02:00:10Z
2018-12-07T02:00:10Z
2018-12-07
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/8618http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-3129
Young people’s futures are largely affected by society’s capacity and willingness to take action on climate change, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and adapt to a different climate reality. Young people are necessary collaborators and partners in solution design and decision-making, and should not be relegated to the margins. It is equally important that they are supported in enacting climate initiatives that educate, engage and encourage other young people – as well as adults – to become agents of change.
Under the guise of “transformative climate change action,” this study explores motivations among young people to move from concerned observer to informed actor, and provides insight into the mechanisms and processes that contribute to the shift. These initiatives are meant to foster innovations and behavioral shifts, as well as challenge existing systems and demonstrate what transformative climate action is, conceptually and practically, on a local level in the specific context of Southern Alberta, Canada.
en
Climate Action
Climate Change
Mobilisation
Resilience
Transformation
Youth Engagement
Transformative climate change actions among youth from Alberta, Canada
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/259882022-09-01T01:20:15Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
McKendry, Virginia
author
Knauf, Lisa
2022-08-31T04:04:12Z
2022-08-31T04:04:12Z
2022-08-31
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25988http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17747
This qualitative, action-oriented research project aimed to examine women's leadership capacity in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The research question guiding this inquiry was: How might women in the Vernon BC Stake Relief Society enthusiastically take up their roles as leaders in the Church of Jesus Christ? Using a systemic action research (SAR) methodology—paired with the principles of appreciative inquiry—members of the Vernon BC Stake Relief Society engaged in a series of online, anonymous, and asynchronous discussions. Data collected from three distinct/disjoined collaborative circles and a World Café-like event indicated that learning about and understanding the history of women in the Church, cultivating collaborative principle-based reasoning, and collectively crafting an inclusive and judgement-free environment—where women have each other’s backs—can positively enhance women’s leadership sentiment and scope within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Royal Roads University’s research and ethics policy guided the design and implementation of this study from start to finish.
en
A place where all things are spoken : making the Vernon BC Stake Relief Society a place for her voice
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/278682024-03-16T06:41:47Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278col_10170_36
VIURRSpace
advisor
Jorgensen, Frances
author
Appiah-Brafoh, Edward, Samuel
2024-03-15T19:03:47Z
2024-03-15T19:03:47Z
2024
https://hdl.handle.net/10613/27868https://doi.org/10.25316/IR-19508
AbstractThe importance of continued development of petro-technical professionals in the upstream oil and gas industry cannot be over emphasized. The deep knowledge-base of upstream geoscience and engineering operations, coupled with its attendant long learning curve, the continued awareness and appreciation of health, safety and environment considerations in upstream operations, and the global talent crisis among petro-technical professionals requires that petro-technical professionals are provided with a structured, consistent and relevant training programs to develop their capacity to accelerate the time to autonomy.
The main aim of the research study was to develop a competency framework to help develop human capital to accelerate time to autonomy for petro-technical professionals in the upstream oil and gas industry. The research study employed a pragmatism paradigmatic approach to the inquiry and adopted the mixed-methods exploratory sequential design. Qualitative data consisting of individual in-depth interviews were collected from 13 individuals: two CEOs or corporate leaders, three human resources or learning and development professionals, five petro-technical managers and three petro-technical professionals. Following analysis of these data, a survey was constructed and then distributed to 152 petro-technical professionals. The findings of the study contribute to theory development and practice by demonstrating that developing petro-technical professionals to accelerate time to autonomy requires a competency framework with an eclectic approach to training and development, utilizing a blended learning system to provide the employee with holistic training. The findings of the study also indicate that the competency framework must guide learning from the known to the unknown, simple to complex and concrete to abstract, adding new knowledge in an incremental manner. Finally, the study emphasizes that the competency framework must include critical developmental elements such as coaching and mentoring, career planning and progression systems, a goal-oriented performance management system with a two-way feedback mechanism, and a comprehensive post training evaluation system.
2024
en_US
Faculty of management
Developing Human Capital to Accelerate Time to Autonomy for Petro-technical Professionals in the Upstream Oil and Gas Industry
Thesis
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8192017-04-24T16:36:52Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Etmanski, Catherine
advisor
Agger-Gupta, Niels
advisor
Briggs, Marion
author
Praamsma, Naomi
2015-07-03T18:47:20Z
2015-07-03T18:47:20Z
2015-07-03
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/819
The Salvation Army is an international faith-based organization serving communities through social programming and spiritual ministry. A priority for The Salvation Army Canada is to ensure that the mission is delivered in such a way that all parts unite together in action. As such, an “integrated mission” is believed to be essential to the successful delivery of these services, yet how this is achieved is not clearly understood. This action research project used an appreciative stance to learn from successful examples of integrated mission and offer recommendations for replication across Canada. The research adhered to the Royal Roads University Research Ethics Policy and methods included a photo project and an online survey. Findings and recommendations highlighted participants’ desire to create a shared definition of integrated mission, prioritize clients’ needs, design an organizational culture where collaboration is valued, and foster visionary leadership.
action research
appreciative stance
collaboration
leadership
mission
photo project
Christianity with its sleeves rolled up : enhancing capacity for integrated mission within The Salvation Army
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/48822017-12-07T06:37:00Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Gillespie, Lorne Andrew William
2017-05-04T21:33:51Z
2017-05-04T21:33:51Z
2017-05-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/4882
At Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) two remediation technologies are used on one
shallow sand trench waste storage area and one abandoned and buried processing plant each
containing contaminated groundwater plumes. The first technology is a funnel and gate
permeable reactive barrier (PRB) to filter out strontium-90 from a contaminated groundwater
plume and the second technology is a wall and curtain system installed near the site of an
abandoned ammonium nitrate processing plant also used to remove strontium-90 from the
groundwater. Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope that is readily taken up through water
absorption and has the capability of travelling long distances through groundwater. This case
study used trends in analysis results and comparisons with other reports and literature regarding
the use of PRBs to assess the two in use at CRL and make recommendations for improvements
to the systems.
en_US
barrier
groundwater
plume
Strontium-90
Groundwater treatment technologies used to remove or contain radioactive contaminants found in the leachate plumes from waste storage sites at Chalk River Laboratories : a case study
Thesis
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/6012017-04-24T16:41:12Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
advisor
Walinga, Jennifer
advisor
Vannini, Phillip
advisor
Chorney, David
author
Melnychuk, Natasha
2013-06-26T02:16:16Z
2013-06-26T02:16:16Z
2013-06-25
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/601
The following thesis project investigated whether there is a need for change in organizational culture within the Canadian public sector in order to retain Millennials within the public service. Therefore the purpose of this study was to explore why Millennials within the public service in Canada might stay in or leave their current positions within the public sector. A survey consisting of open-ended questions was conducted to elicit information on what aspects of organizational culture impact the retention of Millennials within the Canadian public sector. Nine major themes emerged from the findings: social responsibility, organizational structure/bureaucracy, opportunities, nature of work, leadership, people and relationships, work-life balance, commitment, and security. The thesis discusses these themes and comments on the significance of the findings as possible motivation for future investigations into the Human Resources succession planning needs of public sector institutions.
Canadian Public Sector
Communication
Millennial Generation
Organizational Change
Organizational Culture
Retention
Retaining the millennial generation within the Canadian public sector
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Melnychuk_Natasha.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4332017-04-24T16:39:52Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dale, Ann
author
Dixon, Peter Robert
2011-04-21T21:33:36Z
2011-04-21T21:33:36Z
2011-04-21
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/433
In recent years we have witnessed growing interest in corporate environmental responsibility and the concept of sustainability amongst businesses globally. Regardless of the motivation, be it competitive advantage, social license to operate, share value (socially responsible investing), shareholder pressure, public pressure, employee retention, cutting operational costs, the escalation of corporate accountability, or even altruistic goals, this is a growing trend among business. This field is in its infancy and requires considerable leadership. This paper is a collection of multiple descriptive case studies focusing on how Canadian best in sectors in the mining, oil and gas, telecom, finance, hospitality, and retail industries are integrating corporate environmental responsibility into their corporate strategy. Many areas for further study have been identified.
Environmental responsibility
Social responsibility of business
Sustainable development
Strategic planning
Canada
Case studies (Research methodology)
Corporate strategy and corporate environmental responsibility in Canada : multiple descriptive case studies
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Dixon, Peter.pdf
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/251942021-11-19T01:11:49Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Haseldine, Philip Andrew
2021-11-17T23:02:47Z
2021-11-17T23:02:47Z
2021-11-17
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25194http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17011
This thesis examines the areal distribution of retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) and active layer detachment slides (ALDS) in three areas of the Dempster Highway adjacent to the Richardson Mountains, in Canada’s Northwest Territories and Yukon between 1949 and 2017. It also provides new data on the rate of growth, slope, elevation, and aspect over time. The study locations are within the following areas: the unglaciated Eagle Plains, west of the Richardson Mountains; the previously glaciated Peel Plateau, east of the Richardson Mountains; and the Interior Plateau, east of Fort McPherson. Interpretation of aerial photos and satellite images shows that unglaciated terrain within Eagle Plains had far fewer retrogressive thaw slumps per 100 km2, compared with the Peel Plateau. ALDS in both study areas showed a correlation with preferential drainage feature orientation and occurred primarily on steep valley sidewalls. No RTS or ALDS where identified in the Interior Plateau study area.
en
active layer detachment slides
climate
degradation
Dempster Highway
Permafrost
retrogressive thaw slumps
A comparison of permafrost landslides in previously glaciated and unglaciated terrain along the Dempster Highway; Eagle Plains, Yukon, and Peel Plateau and Interior Plain, Northwest Territories
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Haseldine_royalroads_1313O_10790.pdf
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/251912021-11-16T23:12:10Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Evanow, Lauren Marie
2021-11-13T02:02:24Z
2021-11-13T02:02:24Z
2021-11-13
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25191http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17008
This thesis explored the question: “How might I act to facilitate interorganizational collaboration as an outside third-party action researcher and leader?” This first person-action research applied action learning methodologies and methods that included reflexive learning through journal writing and engaging in feedback sessions with feedback partners and a subject-matter expert. This study found that my own feelings, actions, and behaviours as well as those of others influenced the level of success of my ability to facilitate interorganizational leadership. The findings also demonstrated my ability and desire to learn new behaviours and actions that may improve my skills as a facilitative leader in the context of interorganizational collaboration. Recommendations for facilitating interorganizational collaboration as an outside third party and possible areas for further examination arose from this study.
Keywords: action learning research; interorganizational collaboration; facilitative leadership, and change leadership; first-person action research.
en
first-person action research
interorganizational collaboration
interorganizational collaboration
Interorganizational collaboration during the Covid-19 pandemic
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4902017-04-24T16:26:44Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
Kelsey, Elin
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Noble, Mickie
author
Gordon, James
2012-05-04T18:06:38Z
2012-05-04T18:06:38Z
2012-05-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/490
This text/video thesis investigates how Canadian fathers feel about the threat of losing pond
hockey, a revered game they love, to climate change. It responds to the David Suzuki
Foundation’s (DSF) assertion that under a global ‘business as usual’ rate of producing
greenhouse gases, the skating season of the world’s largest ‘rink’--the Rideau Canal--would
shrink from a nine week historical average to just one week by century’s end (DSF, 2009a).
Seven outdoor-hockey-loving fathers were interviewed, which revealed their willingness to share
feelings of concern, sadness, fear, uncertainty, and need for action to mitigate against and adapt
to the ill-effects of climate change on this game, and more serious social situations. Despite
concerns it was revealed they took few substantial actions against climate change, which they
recognized might affect themselves, their children, communities, and future generations.
Conversation, at times nostalgic, helped make these issues more salient.
Backyard Hockey
Climate Change
Pond hockey dads and climate change : how Canadian fathers feel about the threat of losing the game they love
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/54862019-09-26T03:19:59Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Kowalski, Cameron
2018-02-14T02:20:59Z
2018-02-14T02:20:59Z
2018-02-14
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5486http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-433
Police officers respond to tragic events as a course of their duties. Many of these tragic events are traumatic in many ways. The front line police officers are the first line of defence and are generally the first people on scene. The visions and experiences are something that many people would find difficult to comprehend, yet front line officers perform these duties daily. This inquiry examined how the supervisors within the Delta Police Department in Delta, British Columbia lead front line police officers following exposure to traumatic events. The study found that the role of the patrol supervisor was incredibly important in providing guidance and leadership to their teams following post-trauma events. The recommendations included consistent enhancement of current knowledge bases, but also new initiatives to strengthen psychological support and awareness. The ultimate goal is to reduce stigma related to mental health and create an environment of emotionally intelligent supervisors.
en
Exposure
Leading
Police
Trauma
Strengthening the capabilities to lead police officers following exposure to trauma
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/259852022-09-09T18:23:45Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
advisor
Remillard, Chaseten
author
Romero, Karen
2022-08-25T22:07:50Z
2022-08-25T22:07:50Z
2022-08-25
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25985http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17744
Self-esteem is one contributing factor to a person’s self-presentation in accordance to their perceived contextual expectations. The theory of self-presentation compares life to a stage on which people perform and engage in impression management to display their best selves. The introduction of social media has created an online world in which social networking sites (SNS) possess sub-cultures that promote self-expression that reflect how people present themselves on, and use, social media. Instagram is among the most popular social media apps in the world and provides users with a public platform on which to perform for their audience. While the literature has indicated that Instagram consumption both positively and negatively affects users’ self-esteem, the role self-esteem plays in online use and self-presentation remains unclear and is the focus of this research study. Through a mixed methodology including interviews, a questionnaire, and Instagram profile reviews, 127 participants responded to an online survey or participated in interviews specifically created for this study with the purpose of gaining insight into their self-esteem level and Instagram consumption and self-presentation behaviours. The findings suggest that there is a weak correlation between users’ self-esteem and Instagram self-presentation. However, it provided insight into other influential factors of self-presentation on user profiles and Instagram consumption, which could serve for future research into how everyone’s unique social media profiles can be utilized and studied to support their mental health.
en
Exploring the effects of self-esteem on self-presentation and consumption on Instagram
URL
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Romero_Karen.pdf
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/66172019-09-26T02:31:22Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Brandly, Carolyn Paige
2018-08-09T22:02:14Z
2018-08-09T22:02:14Z
2018-08-092018-08-09
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6617http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1520
Dementia is rapidly transforming from an individual health matter into a social issue of concern at the community or collective level. Dementia friendly communities may provide a vehicle to regional community development for people with dementia and carers with unexpected potential benefits for all citizens. Employing an action research engagement model, the inquiry engaged stakeholders of the dementia community to form a regional systems perspective on leverage points for collective action around dementia issues, grounded by the perspectives of people living with dementia. The methodological framework included focus groups with people with dementia and carers as a participant dyad, a world café with service providers and planners, and interviews with formal leaders, followed by thematic analysis. The study concluded that people with dementia and carers living in community settings in the CRD experience disabling factors in their internal and external environments that threaten their independence and quality of life. This is likely due to a lack of collaboration, coordination and innovation at organizational and systems levels. At the same time, resources to support positive change exist within the CRD, including an appetite for culturally influenced change around dementia issues, and willingness among key stakeholders to collaborate to build a new paradigm.
en
action research
active citizenship
collaboration
culture shift
Dementia
dementia-friendly communities
A good life with dementia : collective action for positive change in the Capital Regional District, British Columbia
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Brandly_royalroads_1313O_10549.pdf
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Brandly_royalroads_1313O_10549.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/51202019-09-26T20:53:55Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
McCluskey, Melissa K.
2017-09-13T01:25:57Z
2017-09-13T01:25:57Z
2017-09-13
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5120http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-104
Today, many individuals seek to establish intimate relationships using various forms of computer-mediated communication, including online dating sites and mobile applications. Investigating the ways in which location, in this case a relatively small, Canadian city, affect the online dating experience was a primary purpose of this study. The researcher incorporated social script theory and the life course perspective to gain an understanding of how age, gender, and technology intersect for women dating digitally in the Kelowna, B.C. Census Metropolitan Area. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to explore and interpret the lived experience of a small, homogeneous group of women. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 women, aged 21 to 60+, who were predominantly using PlentyofFish and Tinder. Using IPA’s analysis process, themes were identified deductively by using the theoretical concepts mentioned above; other themes arose inductively. This study found many of the experiences of women in Kelowna were similar to those found in existing research, such as having control in the online process, encountering unwanted interactions, and facing misrepresentation or deception. That being said, Kelowna’s size and characteristics did impact the women’s experiences; the online pool was limited at times, with too many matches who the women already knew being presented, and with a transient dating pool being noted by some of the women. Traditional, gendered dating practices were present online due to various dating scripts and age norms. While there were differences among the experiences of women at various stages of life, there were also numerous similarities.
en
Canadian women
Digital dating
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Life course
Online dating
Social scripts
Digital dating in Kelowna, BC : examining how women experience online dating in a small, Canadian city
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McCluskey_royalroads_1313O_10465.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/49832019-09-26T21:15:09Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_695com_10170_506com_10170_140col_10170_36col_10170_696
VIURRSpace
author
Mang'era, Janet Nyanduko
2017-06-08T01:17:21Z
2017-06-08T01:17:21Z
2017-06-08
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/4983
The aim of this research was to investigate the practices that constrain or facilitate effective rainwater harvesting in semi-arid Kenya. At 647 cubic meters per capita water availability, Kenya is considered water scarce yet with an average rainfall of 500mm per annum the country has great potential to be water sufficient and address water insecurities in marginal lands, such as Makueni County, through effective management of rainwater. Using a case study of rainwater harvesting in Makueni County, Kenya, the research identified and described rainwater harvesting practices, successful and unsuccessful rainwater harvesting projects, barriers and shortcomings as well as avenues for improvement. The literature reveals several factors contributing to the failure to meet the potential for rainwater harvesting to promote water security in semi- arid Kenya including technological, policy, institutional and governance and financial, behavioral and attitudinal. The study found many deterrents to effective rainwater harvesting in Makueni County, including poor technical designs for rainwater capture and storage, inadequate investment, failure to apply water supply standards, perceptions about the non-potability of rainwater, and poor linkage and coordination of efforts at local through national levels of social organization. The research also identified some key factors responsible for successful rainwater harvesting projects which included: social capital, local knowledge and capacity, and establishment and enforcement of property rights. The study concluded that efforts to promote effective rainwater harvesting should therefore include building capacity of project groups at the local level, designing effective RWH policies and institutions and creating RWH coordination networks at local through national and international levels. The study recommended that, in order to scale up rainwater harvesting efforts there is a need for vertical and horizontal linkages across sectors and levels.
en
governance
institutional designs
natural resource management
rainwater harvesting
water security
water supply
Rainwater harvesting in semi-arid Kenya : Practices and prospects
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Mangera_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10036.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/245082021-09-11T14:22:41Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Morley, Amber
2021-09-10T21:26:08Z
2021-09-10T21:26:08Z
2021-09-10
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/24508http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-16330
In sporting industries, including the golf industry, there is a long-standing history of gendered practices events, exclusion, and “typical ‘ expectations” (Breger et al. 2019 p. 274 These practice are evident in golf through gendered language, gendered dress code, gendered history, gendered leagues, and gendered tee blocks. Specific gendered practices within the golf industry, such as gendered language,contribute to participants’ experiences in important ways. Through gendered language such as “cart girl,”and “lady golfer,” the golf industry is perpetuating gendered ideals, and through a gendered dress code and gender marked tee blocks, the industry is propagating ideas about women’s ability levels in the sport.
Women’s professional golf is a topic of increasing academic concentration (Bowes Kitching,2020a), but there is a gap in research regarding how gendered language and practices impact women in the industry. Golf is historically referred to as a “gentleman’s game” (Billings et al., 2018 p. 97) and has been historically exclusionary to women (Bowes et al., 2020a). Golf participation rates are also lower for women than for men, ( Snelgrove, Wood, 2015 and women often leave the sport due to the experiences they have through their involvement. Augusta National Golf Club, one of golf’s most distinguished golf clubs(Swart et al. 2003 where the Master’s Tournament takes place, did not allow female members to join as members until 2012. When they finally allowed their first two female members, it was a great win for women’s golf (Andrews 2012 p. 2) and allowing for more equitable participation in the industry.
In addition, there is a history of policies that discriminate against women in golf, and often the experiences women have as a result of these exclusionary policies impacts their participation and comfort in participating. Often, the policies can also limit their involvement in the sport or impact retention and lead to more women leaving the sport. Largely, little research exists on women’s experience as participants in the sport (Mitchell et al., 2016). In recent years, diversity and women’s golf initiatives have been prominent in Ontario and the rest of Canada. In 2020, the PGA of Canada created a Diversity Inclusion Task Force with industry professionals to allow underrepresented populations the chance to participate in golf (PGA of Ontario, 2020). Golf Canada and the PGA of Canada launched a Women in Coaching program (Golf Canada, 2020), and Golf Canada and Golf Ontario have recently launched a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Strategic Alliance with Korn Ferry (Golf Ontario, 2020). These initiatives bring together diverse and underrepresented voices to contribute to diversity and inclusion in the golf industry and are significant in allowing various populations to experience the sport. However, more research is needed in the area of women in golf to accurately understand women’s experiences.
Research concerning women in golf is fundamental as Canadian women continue to gain employment in the golf industry and increasingly play the sport. Women also have increasingly busy work and home lives, and “fewer are maintaining lifelong roles as engaged sport participants” (O’Reilly et al., 2018 p.16). The trouble goes beyond the sphere of sports participation. Oftentimes, golf is in fact used to host informal business meetings, and when women miss out on participating in these types of opportunities, it can impact their career advancement. It is also well known that golf provides opportunity to men to socialize and strengthen networking, but it does not always have the same social benefit for women (Agarwal et al. 2016This research aims to fill the gap in the literature surrounding women’s experience in the golf industry,including gendered roles and the assumptions women face. This thesis in particular, aims to gain insight into the gendered practices in golf from an insider’s perspective and raise awareness of how gendered practices affect women in the golf industry. Interviews with 10 female golfers who work in the industry were conducted with the aim of understanding how gendered practices in golf have impacted women in Ontario.This research contributes to the areas of sport sociology, gender studies, and communications studies with regard to sports and gender.
gender
gendered language
golf
language
sport
women
Not the ladies’ tees : how gendered practices and language in the golf industry in Ontario impact women’s engagement
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morley, amber.pdf
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MD5
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morley, amber.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/57552019-09-26T03:13:11Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Shantz, Kevin
2018-04-10T01:14:27Z
2018-04-10T01:14:27Z
2018-04-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5755http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-690
Wild chervil (Anthriscus sylvestris) is an invasive plant and a member of the Carrot family (Apiaceae). This species concerns natural resource managers because it reduces hay forage quality and adversely alters terrestrial ecosystems. Metro Vancouver was interested in the effectiveness of two treatment methods to reduce wild chervil productivity in Regional Parks. Identification of a pasture grass, or combination thereof, best able to restore habitat conditions to traditionally-managed ‘old-field’ mostly free of wild chervil and fit for hay production was also of interest. Thus, efficacy of two treatment types (tilling and herbicide) and two application periods (late spring and summer 2016) on high and low density sites were examined through a Randomized Complete Block Design with five blocks located in Campbell Valley Regional Park. A second experiment tested restoration productivity of seeded pasture grass using timothy (Phleum pretense), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata). There was a significant difference in mean wild chervil biomass among herbicide, tilling and controls. However, no significant difference was detected in biomass of regenerated wild chervil between tilling and herbicide treatments; but both treatments significantly reduced biomass of wild chervil compared to controls. Herbicide was found to significantly decrease wild chervil productivity yet only when coupled with seeding, seeding did not benefit tilling-only treatments to the same extent. Analysis of variance revealed no significant differences in biomass of post-treatment seeded grass used in restoration; all species effectively established themselves outcompeting wild chervil re-growth following treatment. A blended approach of pre-bloom cutting followed by early spring and drought season tilling, post-treatment grass seeding, along with herbicide application for spot-treatment or inaccessible areas was recommended.
en
Evaluation of tilling and herbicide treatment for control of wild chervil (Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm.) in metro Vancouver regional parks
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URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/5bcb9a6e-2a53-4058-a061-3b631603bac5/download
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etag
283f59f1f86823322fbecd6d2aaeceaf
1531535
application/pdf
Shantz_royalroads_1313O_10522.pdf
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/f7cf8813-4b0f-4870-ae93-64b0caf64754/download
File
etag
b0ce1c00f9e79c07102cf431ff96e6fb
64362
text/plain
Shantz_royalroads_1313O_10522.pdf.txt
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/2f590764-2458-4a10-a069-ba74fb14f40a/download
File
etag
2a4377002ef2fd4b9aa0b859e6aa8d34
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Shantz_royalroads_1313O_10522.pdf.jpg
oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/273712023-05-17T01:47:55Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Lickers, Michael
author
Lee, Cynthia
2023-05-13T01:05:30Z
2023-05-13T01:05:30Z
2023-05-13
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/27371http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-19077
This cocreated research inquiry, which aimed to support young people in reclaiming their voice and authority as knowledge holders and leaders in their community, explored the question: How do young people in Girls Who LEAP (GWL) organization understand leadership? Using a decolonized methodological approach pairing Indigenous methodology with youth participatory action research, this inquiry engaged 18 young people. Data were gathered through narrative métissage, sticky notes, and sharing circles. Given the relational approach of engaging the community was foundational in all aspects of this inquiry, a community inquiry team and youth research advisory team were critical in this study. Key learnings highlighted the relationships between adult-youth mentor relationships, experiential learning, cultivating a sense of belonging and the impact of values identification in youth leadership development. The recommended call to action from the young people includes the creation of a new GWL youth leadership framework to be implemented by the organization.
en
A Girls Who LEAP exploration of youth leadership
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/cecd63ea-3d44-4bf2-8c75-f657a93cffdc/download
File
MD5
fd2261862dd8820bc8ddd3865d836977
1211440
application/pdf
Lee_royalroads_1313O_10915.pdf
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/e044892b-074c-4459-8dca-ae9a7a935eaf/download
File
MD5
77e532553cee83a49acea02e076e3791
248867
text/plain
Lee_royalroads_1313O_10915.pdf.txt
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/b02eb3ce-8baf-41a1-9f87-26fa34757ecf/download
File
MD5
746d2e958fb4e11a5b39647101310ed7
16318
image/jpeg
Lee_royalroads_1313O_10915.pdf.jpg
oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/95042019-09-26T00:26:40Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
Adams, Shelby
2019-02-16T02:02:18Z
2019-02-16T02:02:18Z
2019-02-16
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/9504http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-3963
The purpose of this research was to describe oilfield workers in the Moose Mountain Provincial Park area in southeastern Saskatchewan views on climate change. This qualitative study, inspired by Grounded Theory, utilized fifteen, semi-structured interviews to analyze participants’ perspectives and experiences. For this research, climate change means, “a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity and which is in addition to natural climate variability” (IPCC, 2014). This study has three main findings. First, participants have robust “sense of place” attachment that fosters environmental stewardship toward the Moose Mountain area. Second, participants hold conflicted understandings of climate change that alternate between the adoption of climate skepticism and acceptance of scientific consensus regarding anthropogenic climate change. Finally, this study demonstrates the importance of engaging in conversations with oil workers to facilitate a pluralistic narrative and navigate multiple worldviews to create understanding of a controversial topic in Saskatchewan.
en
climate change
energy
environment
oilfield
perceptions
views
Extracting views about the environment : oilfield workers' understandings of climate issues in Moose Mountain, Saskatchewan
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/253152022-03-15T18:12:17Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Devitt, John
2022-03-15T01:02:52Z
2022-03-15T01:02:52Z
2022-03-15
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25315http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17118
This action-oriented research inquiry explored how Fair Vote Canada (FVC) might enhance diversity and improve inclusivity throughout the non-profit organization. Framed through a system-thinking lens of transformational change and applying the participatory and appreciative action and reflection (PAAR) methodology, the inquiry engaged volunteers from FVC in an ideation workshop and a modified future search workshop. Participants shared perspectives on the present state of the organization, co-created ideas of the ideal future state, and suggested strategies to implement transformational change within FVC. Thematic analysis of data insights suggests opportunities for leadership at all levels of the organizational hierarchy, in such aspects as communications, volunteer recruitment, orientation and engagement, external partnerships, education and training, and organizational culture. Five recommendations emerged from these conclusions providing specific calls to action with illustrative examples. Finally, the inquiry recommends further applied research on communication and engagement strategies as related to successful diversity and inclusion initiatives, the impacts of participatory research on volunteer engagement, and the further expansion of the PAAR methodology.
en
action research
diversity
inclusion
leadership
organizational culture
systems thinking
Enhancing diversity and inclusion at Fair Vote Canada : transforming organizational culture
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/7932017-04-24T16:32:53Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dewar, Tammy
advisor
Nikiforuk, Christina
advisor
Hamilton, Julie
advisor
Harris, Brigitte
author
Siddall, Sarah-Jane
2015-02-12T03:09:35Z
2015-02-12T03:09:35Z
2015-02-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/793
The City is a large complex government organization that provides a diverse array of services to the community from recreation to engineering. The City has undergone services reviews resulting in improvements in technology, structure, and process in order to improve efficiencies and increase accountability to the community. In addition to the service improvements, expectations of leaders have changed in order to meet the new and changing demands of the transforming organization. In 2012, the City released its first corporate business plan that articulated the goals and objectives of the organization; one of the goals specifically outlined the City's desire to inspire excellence in the workplace. This study took this corporate goal and considered it in the context of frontline leaders across the organization, and this inquiry investigated the question: how frontline leaders could inspire excellence in the workplace? Short and long-term recommendations resulted from this research inquiry, which included (1) increase the awareness of inspiring excellence, (2) develop a frontline leader excellence retreat, (3) develop a vision of inspiring excellence, (4) create a leadership framework for excellence, (5) develop a decision making framework, and (6) create an organizational culture of excellence. This action research project was conducted in accordance with the Royal Roads University (2011) Research Ethics Policy. Every effort was taken to ensure that the research was conducted fairly, with respect and met all legal requirements. In general, the study was of low risk to both the organization and its participants, and these efforts were enhanced by keeping the organization confidential and removing all organizational identifiers.
Excellence
Frontline Leaders
Leaders
Leadership
The city : understanding how frontline leaders can inspire excellence in the workplace
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/49742019-09-26T21:15:46Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Forsythe, Colin
2017-05-30T22:16:02Z
2017-05-30T22:16:02Z
2017-05-302017-05-30
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/4974
The Bay of Fundy in Atlantic Canada is noted for the world’s highest tides, heights of which reach 15 meters (Percy, 1996; Thurston, 2011). We characterized microplastic concentrations and distribution in this region. Sediment samples were collected from 15 intertidal sites along New Brunswick’s southwestern coast. Sites were selected based on variations in tidal range (7m to 15m), exposure to prevailing winds, and proximity to urban centres. Microplastics were widespread and detected in all samples. Microplastics averaged 268 pieces per sample of 1kg (+/- SD) and total microplastic composition consisted of fibers (89%), fragments (8%) and microbeads (2%). ANOVA results indicated a significant difference between concentrations at sheltered vs. exposed sites and no significant difference between quantities at high or low tide delineations or across tidal ranges. While a larger sample size would strengthen the ability to explore factors influencing microplastics in the Bay of Fundy, the widespread detection of microplastics in our study indicate that there are no sites in the Bay of Fundy that are immune to this growing marine pollution problem.
en
Atlantic
Bay of Fundy
Intertidal
Microplastics
New Brunswick
sediments
The quantification of microplastics in intertidal sediments in the Bay of Fundy, Canada
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VIURRSpace
advisor
Ling, Christopher
author
Chau, Cynthia
2023-06-19T01:05:01Z
2023-06-19T01:05:01Z
2023-06-19
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/27431http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-19118
The industrial revolution’s expanding global economies heavily extracted natural resources for industrial growth, resulting in adverse anthropogenic consequences (De Vries, 2013, p. 124). IKEA, a Swedish home furnishings company, is built on the notion of continuous growth. Could countering large retail organizations, such as IKEA's, adverse ecological outcomes to transform retail space land use and profitability systems require understanding the challenges for interventions? I compared regenerative development principles with the current IKEA store designs to identify and reveal potential opportunities to build natural and social capital in IKEA Canada's markets. The research objectives are to explore regenerative design frameworks, the current IKEA store design challenges, and barriers to regenerative development; to discover how regenerative solutions could apply to IKEA’s store design process. Based on my findings, I made recommendations that could also serve as a blueprint for other large retail sites.
en
Regenerative development potentials on commercial sites
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/10572019-09-26T21:20:31Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dave Whittington
author
Kogan, George Sergei
2017-04-14T01:07:38Z
2017-04-14T01:07:38Z
2017-04-14
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/1057
This organizational leadership project reflected on how the Rotary Club of West Shore (RCWS) in Victoria, BC can enhance current member retention efforts to support the achievement of its humanitarian mandate. The study employed an Action Research Engagement (Rowe et al., 2013) methodology with an appreciative stance to facilitate an inquiry into the current assets, individual experiences, and organizational processes that can be improved to ensure that members remain with the club long-term. A survey, four interviews, and a focus group were used to collect qualitative data relevant to the inquiry. Participants shared their experiences with the club, commented on the current state of their membership and individual needs, and dreamt about the future of RCWS with a strong diverse membership that would only amplify its capacity to serve both locally and internationally. The study was conducted with adherence to the Royal Roads University Research Ethics Policy.
en
Action research
Non-profit
Organizational culture
Recruitment
Retention
Volunteer
Enhancing member retention at the Rotary Club of West Shore in Victoria, BC
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8302017-04-24T16:29:47Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_605com_10170_506com_10170_140col_10170_36col_10170_606
VIURRSpace
advisor
Nasmyth, Guy
advisor
Pulla, Siomonn
author
Morin, Thomas
2015-07-30T20:11:09Z
2015-07-30T20:11:09Z
2015-07-30
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/830
This thesis presents research undertaken in order to construct a theory of organizational leadership roles as a source of self-esteem within the context of terror management theory (TMT). It begins with a review of TMT literature, complementary theories, and literature discussing the correlations between suicide and job loss, and ill health and job loss. This is followed by a description of philosophical underpinnings and methodology. Intensive interviewing and grounded theory methodology was employed. Leaders from healthcare, energy and not-for-profit organizations were asked to discuss the leadership expectations of their organization and how they experienced their roles. Theory construction proceeded on a tripartite basis, in that it was constructed from collected data, and informed by TMT literature and the researcher's philosophical underpinnings. Recommendations for the incorporation of attention to self-esteem into leader performance management, leadership development, and one's personal leadership practice, as well as recommendations for future research, are provided.
Ernest Becker
Existential Psychology
Leadership
Organizational Leadership
Self-esteem
Terror Management Theory
Organizational leadership roles as a source of self-esteem : A terror management theory
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/244502021-06-14T20:42:27Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
Smith, Tobi-Dawne
2021-06-10T22:10:25Z
2021-06-10T22:10:25Z
2021-06-10T22:10:25Z
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/24450http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-16274
As a Woman in science I witnessed and experienced a patriarchal system supported by a shame-based culture. My undergraduate experience as a biology student in Saskatchewan demonstrated a need for emancipatory practice within science education and the views entrenched therein. With a goal of furthering my personal understanding regarding this scholarly/erudite niche, I interviewed nine Women regarding their experiences of science in Saskatchewan. Using an autoethnographic approach, I explored my responses to their individual stories, revisiting my own path to and through biology and academia with the goal of finding a “both and” approach embracing of Indigenous ways of coming to knowing and feminist methodologies while employing an ethic of care. Through this process I have come to believe that we need a unifying and equitable way forward that meets people where they are; Indigenous and feminist methodolgies will provide that path.
Keywords: biology, Indigenous ways of knowing, feminist methodologies, autoethnography, shame, science education, sexism, racism
en
Autoethnography
Biology
Feminist methodologies
Indigenous ways of knowing
Racism
Sexism
The I in science : examining science education and communication through Indigenous and feminist lenses
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/61702019-09-26T03:04:27Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
Asghar, Waheema
2018-06-09T01:00:31Z
2018-06-09T01:00:31Z
2018-06-09
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6170http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1095
This study used photo voice to enlist Bangladeshi participants in identifying places that are meaningful to them as newcomer ethnic minorities in the City of Toronto. Four themes—First Experiences, Belongingness, Diversity, and Gratitude—emerged as explanations for why places held meaning. The author found that place meaning rather than place attachment is a greater driver for developing a sense of place within this case study group. The results showed that biophysical elements are the least photographed, likely due to the urban city environment and the processes of acculturation. The study also found that, although the Psychological and Sociocultural dimensions are prominent, the Political-Economic dimension is also an important driver of place meaning. The study was situated in one of the most diverse cities in the world and concludes with suggestions for engaging newcomer ethnic minorities in urban Environmental Education research and practice.
Keywords: diversity, meaningful, newcomer, sense of place, urban, photo voice
en
diversity
meaningful
newcomer
photo voice
sense of place
urban
Sense of place in the city : using photo voice to uncover meaningful places by newcomers of ethnic minority
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VIURRSpace
author
Carson, Brandon Thomas
2020-12-04T23:02:44Z
2020-12-04T23:02:44Z
2020-12-04
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23447http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15343
While there are many benefits to the use of OER, such as cost savings for students, increased access to resources, and the ability for faculty to adapt the resources to meet their specific needs, new and experienced faculty members also face many barriers when attempting to incorporate Open Educational Resources (OER) into their courses. Research suggests that awareness, funding, time, and institutional supports are factors that impact faculty using or not using OER. The purpose of this research was to investigate the barriers that business faculty in Ontario colleges face when using OER within their teaching practices and determine if faculty have recommendations to overcome the barriers to using OER.
Based on a review of the literature on OER and the barriers business faculty experience when using OER, a mixed-method approach was used in this research. The study focused on Ontario college faculty teaching business courses. Data was collected via a survey and follow-up interviews. Seventy-two respondents from 12 Ontario colleges responded to the survey. Nine participated in follow-up interviews. Respondents were asked about their experiences using OER, the barriers they faced, and solutions to overcome them.
A thematic and cross tabulation analysis of the responses demonstrated that faculty are introduced to OER in different ways, and institutions have unique approaches to supporting faculty with OER. Faculty experience barriers to using OER, such as no suitable resources, awareness, knowledge, support, and institutional processes. Faculty outlined ways to overcome such barriers, including but not limited to professional development, creation of new high-quality content, time to create the resources, and enhanced collaboration and networking efforts.
en
OER
OER barriers
OER strategies
Open Educational Resources
Breaking barriers : understanding and removing barriers to OER use
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VIURRSpace
author
Doan-Prévost, Julie
2020-12-03T02:02:03Z
2020-12-03T02:02:03Z
2020-12-03
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23443http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15339
Several regulatory policies have been implemented in the past five years on methane mitigation and oil sands industry emission in Alberta, Canada; however, most effective technologies in methane reduction remain to be explored in the context of these new policies in the Alberta oil sands industry. The purpose of this research was to determine the most effective technologies, based on economic and environmental criteria, to mitigate methane emissions from Alberta’s upstream oil sands processes. This was achieved through qualitative analysis of current technologies, and the development and application of a qualitative risk analysis and quantitative cost-benefit analysis considering economic and environmental factors. I concluded that high risk technologies have the lowest ratio of cost to environmental benefit and suggest that more effective technologies incur a greater risk to the industry; conversely, precise emission inventories need to be completed in order to identify areas of high emissions in individual cases.
en
Alberta
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Methane
Mitigation Technologies
Oil Sands
Determination of the most effective technologies in methane emissions reduction for oil sands operations in Alberta, Canada
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/9482019-09-25T22:46:14Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_610
VIURRSpace
advisor
Du, Juana
author
Fitzgerald, Jenny
2016-10-26T21:42:24Z
2016-10-26T21:42:24Z
2016-10-26
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/948
In order to prepare students for life after graduation, internationalization practices must include and engage all stakeholders. Research shows that efforts are in place to recruit and onboard students, so it is time to extend the focus beyond the walls of post-secondary institutes. An appreciative inquiry into the current internationalization practices and engagement of stakeholders involved focus groups and interviews with a variety of college staff as well as external community and employment partners. The results have revealed best practices as well as actionable recommendations for collaborative and sustainable internationalization efforts. The efficient pursuit of internationalization goals requires a coordinated effort between post-secondary institutes, employers, communities and all levels of government. Such efforts could improve graduate employment rates, eliminate the unnecessary duplication of efforts, and help harness the innovative potential that these globally minded students bring to local, national and multi-national employers.
Appreciative Inquiry
Collaboration
Cross-Cultural Awareness
Intercultural Competence
Internationalization
Stakeholder Engagement
Inclusive internationalization : engaging stakeholders within and beyond the classroom
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8762017-04-24T16:34:44Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
Ormond, Carlos
author
Ralston, Emilie
2016-03-31T20:34:40Z
2016-03-31T20:34:40Z
2016-03-31
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/876
School districts in British Columbia are increasingly demonstrating their commitment to environmental responsibility through their programming, policies, and practices. All stakeholders in a school district have the opportunity to contribute to the district's sustainability goals. There is a tendency to overlook custodial staff; however, custodians play an important role when it comes to water, energy, waste, and cleaning behaviours. This study investigated the challenges and opportunities for engaging custodians in employee green behaviours (EGB) and distinguished between task-related and pro-active behaviours in their role. Barriers to custodians' EGBs were reduced hours, the distributed responsibility of sustainability initiatives, and the perceived lack of support from education staff. The greatest opportunities for EGBs resulted from consistent communication of the districts' goals, custodians' strong sense of pride in their work, and greater collaboration with other stakeholder groups. The participation of all stakeholders is necessary for a school district to reach its sustainability goals.
custodial staff
employee engagement
employee green behaviour
K-12 schools
sustainability initiatives
Encouraging employee green behaviour among K-12 custodians to support district sustainability goals
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/5362017-04-24T16:29:36Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
Myres, Tony
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
Manning, Ashley Elizabeth
2013-01-09T23:55:08Z
2013-01-09T23:55:08Z
2013-01-09
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/536
Objective: Assess the effectiveness of an ecological approach to promote healthy food choices in early childhood education through an educational workshop series.
Design: Utilizing play-based learning, the workshops emphasized an ecological approach to health and food choice by letting children explore and experience healthy foods through various play-based and experiential activities. Data were collected and analyzed using grounded theory of semi-structured interviews with children, parents, and early childhood educators (ECEs), thematic analysis of children’s drawings, and quantitative food preference and food categorization surveys conducted with the children.
Setting: The work was undertaken in three YMCA child care centres located in the Greater Toronto Area: Newcastle, Unionville, and inner-city Toronto.
Participants: Participants comprised of 19 children, 5 parents, and 9 ECEs.
Conclusions: The ecological approach to the promotion of healthy food choices in early childhood education was demonstrated to be an effective health promotion strategy for children aged 3 to 5.
Children's Health
Diet-Related Chronic Diseases
EcoHealth Approach
Food Literacy
Health Promotion
Obesity Prevention
Promoting healthy food choices in early childhood : an ecological approach
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/62622019-09-26T03:02:28Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Bertrand, Lindsey M
2018-06-29T01:01:02Z
2018-06-29T01:01:02Z
2018-06-29
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6262http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1182
This paper explores the topics of state surveillance and democratic participation. It examines how targeted surveillance—backed by the implicit threat of state violence—shapes the behaviour and sense of identity of Canadian activists who express dissent to dominant economic, technological, or cultural modes. In particular, the project focuses on members of the environmental movement who have, in legally permissible ways, expressed opposition to critical infrastructure (CI) projects such as pipelines or dams.
In Canada, among other nations, the inclusion of CI protection in national security priorities has enabled the surveillance of such environmental activists, treating them as a potential threat. Knowledge of state-sanctioned surveillance has become widespread, reinforcing the need for even law-abiding CI opponents to locate themselves within the discourse of this exercise and reinforcement of state power and the categories it implies.
My research, then, seeks to determine what influence, if any, targeted state surveillance has on the identity performance of law-abiding environmental activists in Canada.
Through a critical discourse analysis of such activists’ interview responses, the project investigates how the surveillance context has influenced the way activists understand and discuss lawful expressions of dissent and their own role in society.
en
identity performance
social movements
state power
surveillance
“Fear promotes the status quo” : surveillance discourses and environmental activism in Canada
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/235642021-03-05T18:16:08Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
Itzeck, Helene
2021-03-05T02:02:20Z
2021-03-05T02:02:20Z
2021-03-05
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23564http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15451
This research used a multi-case study design to explore approaches used by seven Canadian municipalities to engage residents in the source separation of organic (SSO) household waste. The data is based exclusively on the experiences of waste management professionals, which I collected through interviews, and document reviews. The results show that most municipalities use normative feedback interventions to correct mistakes made by residents during waste-sorting and set-out. This type of outreach was supported by extensive communication campaigns at the time of program launch. While green carts are not a new invention, it makes little difference to residents who are, for the first time, asked to participate in such a program. My thesis also provides an overview of common barriers and benefits residents see in organics separation. These include the yuck factor, lack of space to store carts, accessibility issues, and cost. Paper products, plastic products, pet waste, and meat and protein products stand out as items that are difficult to identify as organic material. This research was exploratory due to a lack of available preliminary research on the topic of green cart adoption.
en
compost
diversion
green cart
organics
source separation
waste education
Engaging residents in the source separation of organic household waste
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8082017-04-24T16:29:21Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Ling, Chris
advisor
Heinz, Matthew
author
Argue, Briony
2015-04-13T21:06:54Z
2015-04-13T21:06:54Z
2015-04-13
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/808
This case study explores the meaning making systems of a small group of volunteer environmental steward leaders. Research consists of: 1) an assessment of participants' action logic using the Maturity Assessment Profile; and 2) interviews to identify experiences and interpretations informing participants' environmental stewardship. Results of participants' interviews reveal: 1) foundations of environmental sensitivity, 2) negative emotions associated with environmental stewardship work, 3) deeper meaning attributed to stewardship work, and 4) leadership behaviour associated with environmental stewardship. Additionally, the study draws connections between environmental steward leadership behaviour and participants' stage of action logic. Study results revealed 2 of 9 participants measured at the later-stage action logic, while 7 of the 9 measured at the conventional stage. These results may suggest environmental stewardship behaviour is becoming increasingly part of the societal norm. Finally, it recommends incorporating practices that support adult maturational development into environmental leadership programming.
action logic
constructive developmental theory
Environmental Leadership
environmental stewardship
Environmental volunteer
Steward leadership
Volunteer environmental steward leadership : a developmental perspective on paths to engagement
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/257192022-05-20T23:35:36Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Nasmyth, Guy
author
Vanderpost, Ugette Somée
2022-04-15T01:04:08Z
2022-04-15T01:04:08Z
2022-04-15
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25719http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17495
In partnership with Cornerstone Family Violence Prevention Centre (Cornerstone), the question explored in this thesis was, “How might the development of dynamic feedback mechanisms cultivate learning, collaboration, and inclusivity in the work culture of Cornerstone?”. A cycle of action research was completed, using methods of inquiry that aligned with a specific action research model, and an appreciative inquiry approach stimulated dialogue and critical thinking through a collaborative process. Methods of research used in the project were conducted virtually and adhered to Royal Roads University’s Ethics Policy. Fourteen Cornerstone staff engaged in the two-phased inquiry through small group sessions and individual interviews. Discussions led to reflective and insightful understanding as participants addressed the complexities of how best to give and receive feedback throughout the levels of organization and co-create lasting change in their culture. I used inductive and deductive analyses and applied values coding to the data. Five themes emerged from the data which reflected two key areas about giving and receiving feedback – impacts on the processes in learning organizations and the interconnected behaviours that influence the functioning of feedback mechanisms. The conclusions and subsequent recommendations offered actions that Cornerstone could undertake to strengthen connectivity between staff through dynamic feedback mechanisms.
en
Behaviour
Collaboration
Communciation
Feedback
Organizational Learning
Systems
Developing dynamic feedback mechanisms in the work culture of Cornerstone Family Violence Prevention Centre
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VIURRSpace
advisor
Jaigris Hodson
author
Tracey, Kelly
2023-07-06T22:07:31Z
2023-07-06T22:07:31Z
2023-07-06
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/27453http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-19137
This study examined how a local advocacy group in Abbotsford, BC used social media to identify and challenge white supremacy in municipal online texts. Research studying social justice advocacy groups operating via social media has shown that to achieve profound change, information needs to reach traditional news outlets before attention from those in power will take notice. Further research notes that people of colour experience higher rates of online abuse as opposed to white people. A case study was used to conduct semi-structured interviews of six participants of different racial and gender identities who belonged to a local advocacy group. Qualitative analysis of the interviews, employing theories such as Bourdieu’s field theory and concept of capital to examine power, was used to reveal that attention from elites was higher when social media messages reached traditional news media sources and that participants of colour experienced more violent reactions from those in positions of power politically, academically, and from the media than white people. This study provides valuable knowledge for others wishing to challenge dominate systems of oppression online and contributes to the ongoing body of research surrounding social justice movements using social media.
en
Revealing whiteness: how one group used social media to uncover and challenge white supremacy operating in municipal political online messages
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/7842017-04-24T16:32:15Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dale, Ann
advisor
Ling, Chris
author
Matte, Colleen Marie
2015-01-16T18:03:21Z
2015-01-16T18:03:21Z
2015-01-16
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/784
This research examined what social factors influenced the success or failure of rural carsharing branches in the Kootenay Region of British Columbia, Canada. There has been limited research done on the emergent carsharing industry and nothing studying best practices that operate in the type of rural setting in which the Kootenay Carshare Cooperative operates (populations of 1000-10,000). Through a series of eleven purposive interviews the research followed grounded theory methodology incorporating triangulation to develop concepts about which factors were most influential. The results showed that there were significant differences in success factors between urban and rural operations. There were seven social factors identified that influenced the success of rural carsharing most notably limited access to transit alternatives, local politics, peer communication networks and community diversity.
Carsharing
community
Rural
shared commodities
social capital
transportation
Social factors that influence rural carsharing success
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/60652019-09-26T03:06:35Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Heath, Mirjana
2018-05-10T22:08:43Z
2018-05-10T22:08:43Z
2018-05-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6065http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-996
Each year a number of Canadian municipalities issue their annual financial report presenting to their respective residents the summary of the fiscal year. These reports facilitate emotive use of language impacting the formation of attitude of readers who are laypersons when it comes to statistics and accounting. This research study explored the influence of the emotive use of language on attitude formation (in both strength and valence) of the readers towards the creators of the reports. The conclusion is that the emotive use of language did affect both the strength and valence of attitude formation on the part of the reader. Conversely, the absence of the emotive use of language left the reader either without a specific attitude or caused the formation of negative attitude. The research also isolated eleven argumentation schemes, various rhetorical patterns used to affect reader’s attitude, and established the mechanisms and dynamics of their impact on attitude formation.
en
Argumentation strategies
Communicating Statistics
Emotive Language
Rhetoric of numbers
Semiotics of Numbers
Writing reports
Emotive use of language in annual municipal financial reports
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/275842024-01-10T10:32:11Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278col_10170_36
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dale, Ann
author
Weber-Vigrass, Kylie
2024-01-09T23:04:52Z
2024-01-09T23:04:52Z
2024
https://hdl.handle.net/10613/27584https://doi.org/10.25316/IR-19256
AbstractThe research involved organizing and leading a Maker Day workshop in a neighbourhood of Calgary and was concerned with how to meaningfully engage the public by implementing alternative methods using design thinking. The research question: How might Southview change to suit the needs of the existing residents and community while also accommodating for a changing Calgary? guided this study. Participants reported feeling more comfortable sharing, safer in comparison to other meetings they had been at involving community matters, allowing them to converse more passionately and boldly. The research explored how engaging those closest to the problem using human centred design thinking in the scenario of a Maker Day process might cultivate new and invigorating ideas for decision makers to use moving forward. The results may lead to more creative solutions to the challenges this neighbourhood faces. Running a Maker Day workshop using design thinking methods was successful in engaging participants and through grounded theory analysis, thematic elements helped develop new pathways to explore for more localized, community design planning. Keywords: Maker Day workshop, Southview, neighbourhood, design thinking, design scenario, community, community planning
2024
en_US
School of environment and sustainability
Running a Maker Day Workshop to Explore Southview Residents’ Perspectives on Livable Communities in Calgary, Alberta using Design Thinking
Thesis
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WeberVigrass_royalroads_1313O_10981.pdf
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WeberVigrass_royalroads_1313O_10981.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/258442022-06-01T01:51:20Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Gorley, Charlotte
author
Nobrega, Christopher Anthony
2022-05-31T01:04:56Z
2022-05-31T01:04:56Z
2022-05-31
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25844http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17610
In the Canadian Armed Forces, leadership is essential for the conduct of endeavours, which sometimes involve life and death. Consequently, leadership development is important. Mentorship is viewed as a component of leadership and its application is often seen as a long-term way of growing leaders. The Royal Canadian Regiment (RCR) is a unit of the Canadian Army and ostensibly employs mentors. This study sought to answer the question: How might reflection and interactive dialogue on mentorship by various ranks of the Royal Canadian Regiment enhance leadership? The study was conducted using insider action research and relied on interviews and a focus group to achieve data collection. The study adheres to the Royal Roads University Research Ethics Policy as well as the Department of National Defence’s Defence Administrative Orders and Directives on research. The findings highlighted that informal mentorship was variably occurring, however, as access to mentorship was unequal, it was recommended that a formal program be initiated.
en
Armed Forces
Canadian Armed Forces
Canadian Army
Mentorship
Military Leadership
RCR
Mentorship in the Royal Canadian Regiment
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/a14fd502-3372-4c74-b94d-2148aec65746/download
File
MD5
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application/pdf
Nobrega_royalroads_1313O_10828.pdf
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/4eba663c-6438-4f4b-9de3-5457063feae1/download
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MD5
0553d2e1b3d4d3b6c0518e878ddb2ac3
277973
text/plain
Nobrega_royalroads_1313O_10828.pdf.txt
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/10359e79-b016-4c66-81f8-0b41060432c0/download
File
MD5
8701ab02f41aca0fb9d038a4a1c5615d
16314
image/jpeg
Nobrega_royalroads_1313O_10828.pdf.jpg
oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4412017-04-24T16:39:25Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
advisor
Walinga, Jennifer
author
Buckway, Bev J.
2011-07-11T18:44:54Z
2011-07-11T18:44:54Z
2011-07-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/441
Yukon is unique in Canada for its four orders of government—federal, territorial, First Nation and municipal. Determining the differences in communication characteristics, strategies, mechanisms, and processes of the governments can assist with effective communication among them, leading to new opportunities. Interviews with 20 participants representing elected, appointed, and senior staff positions from four orders of government extracted thoughts and experiences on intergovernmental communication through the phenomenological tradition. Strong internal communication complements effective external communication; government individuals do not understand all the structures and processes of other governments, but instead make assumptions that can create friction and conflict while a sincere desire to improve communication is evident. Lack of time, capacity, and knowledge are contributing factors to poor communication efforts. Interpersonal communication is the key to establishing stronger relationships and rebuilding trust. Recent self-government status for Yukon‘s First Nations provides opportunities for expansion and inclusiveness of intergovernmental communication.
Key words: intergovernmental communication, interpersonal communication, Yukon governments, relationships.
Intergovernmental cooperation
Interpersonal communication
Interpersonal relations
Yukon
Interviews (Research methodology)
Phenomenology (Research methodology)
Unveiling Yukon intergovernmental communication
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8282017-04-24T16:33:03Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
advisor
Walinga, Jennifer
advisor
Caverley, Natasha
author
Ryan, Erin Jacqueline
2015-07-23T20:42:51Z
2015-07-23T20:42:51Z
2015-07-23
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/828
Psychologically safe workplaces are environments that promote positive workplace mental health and well-being to help prevent mental health disability. Despite an emerging discussion in Canada about mental health, communicating psychologically safe workplaces has been under-explored within cultural contexts to determine in what ways those contexts could affect communication. This research explores particular ways that Nova Scotian cultures affect communicating psychologically safe workplaces. Five Nova Scotian disability managers were interviewed using questions about Nova Scotian cultures and factors affecting a psychologically safe workplace. Using qualitative content analysis, the results suggest three unique features affecting the communication of psychologically safe workplaces in Nova Scotia: urban/rural access to resources, employment industries and job mobility, and attitudes and behaviours around mental health. These results posit that cultural contexts may affect how organizations "buy-in" to psychologically safe workplaces, suggesting that cultures should be considered when designing channels for communicating these workplaces to organizations.
communication
culture
mental health
Nova Scotia
psychologically safe workplaces
Communicating psychologically safe workplaces in Nova Scotia : the effect of Nova Scotian cultures on the prevention of mental health disability
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/7672017-04-24T16:41:18Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dale, Ann
advisor
Ling, Chris
author
Jones, Jayme
2014-11-11T22:52:46Z
2014-11-11T22:52:46Z
2014-11-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/767
Local communities are on the front line of climate change adaptation and mitigation. Columbia Basin Trust, in the province of British Columbia, is a leading intermediary that is helping communities in the Canadian Columbia Basin address climate change mitigation and adaptation. They have done this through two programs: Communities Adapting to Climate Change Initiative and Carbon Neutral Kootenays. These initiatives have reduced barriers to community action on climate change by providing expertise and funding and engaging communities. Monitoring and flexibility have allowed these initiatives to adapt as needed to ensure successful results. As these CBT initiatives come to a close, opportunities continue for future partnerships between communities and CBT to address climate change. Recommendations are provided to help CBT move forward with their climate change agenda. This groundbreaking climate change work by CBT provides many lessons learned to help other communities and regions wanting to address climate change.
Adaptation
Climate Change
Columbia Basin Trust
Community
Local Government
Mitigation
Community climate change mitigation and adaptation : the role of Columbia Basin Trust
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/148442019-09-26T00:08:59Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Turpin, Carmel
2019-08-13T01:00:29Z
2019-08-13T01:00:29Z
2019-08-13
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/14844
Health care systems across Canada continue to be challenged to meet the growing health care demands of the population. These challenges are set against the backdrop of fiscal realities that demand strong leadership that strikes a balance between providing quality and safe care and obtaining financial sustainability in the taxpayer-funded system. A leadership model that is emerging in health organizations is the dyad model that often partners a physician and a nurse administrative leader as a leadership team to have accountability and responsibility for large, complex portfolios. In an effort to determine whether the physician-nurse dyad leadership model provides for a successful leadership partnership, this study examined whether the historical social relationship between male physicians and female nurses has an impact on that leadership partnership. A qualitative research approach was taken in this study using interpretative phenomenological analysis to frame the data collection and analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six key informants which included three male physician leaders and three female nurse leaders. The findings demonstrate that the physician and nurse leaders have the ability to develop relationships when there is respect for the skills and knowledge that each brings to the partnership and where each one acknowledges there are instances and circumstances where there is a need to have confidence and trust in the ability of the partner to take the lead. The support exists for the dyad relationship and that it is an effective model in health care as it allows administrators and clinicians to draw on the other’s knowledge, skills and experience to form an interdependent leadership partnership.
Keywords: Leadership, health care, physician role, nurse role, dyad leadership model, gender
en
dyad leadership model
gender
health care
leadership
nurse role
physician role
The dyad leadership model : defining a new physician/nurse relationship
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4802017-04-24T16:37:57Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
advisor
Ashley, Ken
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
advisor
Boydell, Anthony
author
Montgomery, Jesse C.
2012-02-21T00:19:14Z
2012-02-21T00:19:14Z
2012-02-20
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/480
Coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) are the apex predator in the Capilano Reservoir. This thesis investigates cutthroat predation via bioenergetic modelling and demography, and genetic analysis of hybridization with coastal rainbow / steelhead trout
(O. mykiss irideus). The bioenergetics model, based on stomach content analyses, reservoir temperature and growth rates, in conjunction with predator abundance, estimates that adult trout in the reservoir consumed 6.4% of coho (O. kisutch) smolt production in 2010. No evidence of cutthroat predation on juvenile steelhead out-migrants was detected, and a gape prey maximum of 36% of predator body length was found. Moderate hybridization rates between cutthroat and
rainbow trout were detected, as well as previously unknown pure strains of adult rainbow trout in reservoir waters, indicating reservoir residualization. Cutthroat trout are currently a 'second tier' management species in the Capilano Watershed, and greater understanding and appreciation of their adfluvial-lacustrine life history will facilitate informed decision-making for trout conservation and restoration, and coho management in the reservoir and the Capilano Watershed.
Cutthroat Trout
Capilano Watershed
Coho Salmon
Life history and bioenergetic modelling of adfluvial-lacustrine coastal cutthroat trout predation in the Capilano Reservoir : implications for endangered steelhead, coho salmon and future holistic watershed management strategies
<p><b>1. RRU DSpace Non-Exclusive Licence</b></p>
  
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/64982019-09-26T03:00:10Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_935com_10170_934com_10170_711col_10170_36col_10613_5041
VIURRSpace
author
Janes, Andrew
2018-07-24T01:02:25Z
2018-07-24T01:02:25Z
2018-07-24
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6498http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1410
This qualitative study explored the challenges faced by the leadership/management and practitioners of intelligence organizations that cause goal and structural conflicts within intelligence organizations. The study included in-depth interviews with 14 participants from the intelligence community (IC) to solicit the views of persons that work in the intelligence environment. This paper theorizes that conflict within intelligence organizations impedes the proper intelligence product from being created and advanced to decision-makers and this is counter to the purpose of intelligence, which is to provide predictive insights for action by decision-makers to effect appropriate policy. The conflict arises from an incompatibility of goals between the leadership/management and the practitioners of intelligence.
en
Canada
Conflict
Government
Intelligence failure
Leadership
Practitioners
An exploratory study In challenges faced by intelligence leaders and practitioners from goal and structural conflicts
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/230802020-06-16T16:12:06Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Anderson, Amanda
2020-03-11T01:00:47Z
2020-03-11T01:00:47Z
2020-03-11
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23080http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-14992
Health risk exposure of heavy metals from home and community garden soils in Kelowna and West Kelowna, BC were assessed. Total metals in samples collected from 28 home and 17 community garden plots and one soil conditioner were analysed by XRF and ICP-MS. Barium was the most common whereas manganese had the highest mean. Copper was the only element with a mean concentration over the CCME soil quality guideline for residential land use and had the highest bioaccessibility. Soil conditioning products were used in 75% of the gardens. No statistically significant difference was found for copper concentrations in gardens that added soil conditioning products and those that did not, or for lead concentrations in gardens near homes built prior to 1991 and those built after 1991 when lead was limited in paint. Overall, the relative risk of gardeners’ exposure to metal was low based on metal daily intake via ingestion.
en
Assessment
Bioaccessibility
Exposure
Garden
Metal
Risk
Risk of exposure to metals from urban garden soils in Kelowna and West Kelowna, BC
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Anderson_royalroads_1313O_10657.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/263562023-02-01T04:05:45Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Ling, Chris
author
Qing, Zhiyuan
2023-01-31T02:04:34Z
2023-01-31T02:04:34Z
2023-01-31
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/26356http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-18089
Housing sustainability is a significant component of sustainable development. Typical modern housing production has caused severe environmental problems, including massive resource consumption and waste generation. Current research has been limited to the consideration of carbon solutions in a building’s operational phase. Circular economy (CE) is an emergent interdisciplinary approach aimed at increasing the efficiency of material use by innovative designs in a product’s lifecycle. This thesis reviews the concepts of CE and housing sustainability, examines the assessments, applications and barriers of CE in housing, and investigates circular adoptions by BC governments, NGOs, and businesses. Research methods include qualitative methodology, desktop research, interviews, and case studies. Recommendations for BC public and private sectors consist of regenerative leadership, development of public policies in waste and embodied carbon reduction, advanced business models focusing on material innovation, circular design, deconstruction, and an integrated supply chain. This research can contribute to the sustainable development of BC housing industry by implementing circular principles.
en
Circular economy & housing sustainability : opportunities and applications in BC
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/c386f773-8a4f-4049-8289-c9d862ac2618/download
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Qing_royalroads_1313O_10895.pdf
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File
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138369
text/plain
Qing_royalroads_1313O_10895.pdf.txt
URL
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image/jpeg
Qing_royalroads_1313O_10895.pdf.jpg
oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4992017-04-24T16:29:31Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dodd, Matt
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
Bower, Charles
2012-05-22T21:59:08Z
2012-05-22T21:59:08Z
2012-05-22
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/499
Filter Cake, which contains leachable nickel and vanadium above the criteria in the
Alberta Waste Control Regulation, is produced at an oil sands facility operated by Nexen Inc.
and is currently being disposed in a landfill. Bench scale and field tests were performed with
stabilization/solidification (S/S) treatment reagents such as Portland cement, fly ash, elemental
sulphur, and CETCO Oilfield Service’s proprietary reagents to assess their efficacy at reducing
leachable metals in Filter Cake. The CETCO reagents were the most effective treatment for
reducing leachable nickel and vanadium in Filter Cake. Treatments with Portland cement were
successful in bench scale tests, but inconsistent in field tests. The inconsistent results obtained
for Portland cement may have been due to interferences of the cement reactions from factors
such as fine particulates. S/S treatments of Filter Cake present a viable waste management
option. However, the associated reduced cost and environmental impacts were not substantial.
Filter Cake
leachable nickel and vanadium
stabilization/solidification treatment reagents
Stabilization/solidification treatments for filter cake, a by-product of asphaltene gasification
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/280302024-03-21T07:07:30Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278col_10170_36
VIURRSpace
advisor
Rowe, Wendy
author
Hayes, Gary , W.
2024-03-20T22:04:29Z
2024-03-20T22:04:29Z
2024
https://hdl.handle.net/10613/28030https://doi.org/10.25316/IR-19663
Digital Storytelling is a prominent element of modern-day culture that affects daily life and has the power to create impact on individuals, communities, and societies. Media practitioners and scholars are beginning to develop and evaluate strategic impact campaigns for documentaries with social calls to action, a process sometimes referred to as “impact producing.” This transdisciplinary participatory action research aimed to cocreate a strategic campaign for a DocuStory on liver wellness designed to spread awareness about hepatitis C, a blood-borne virus that disproportionately affects Indigenous communities. Using a media practitioner impact model, in collaboration with an Indigenous community & health leadership, iterative cycles of planning, action, and reflection in a conversational and accessible way, acted as a social intervention to explore how to cocreate impact. Through participatory action research, pragmatic inquiry was used to generate context-specific knowledge using a holistic and relational approach allowing for primary, secondary, and tertiary impacts to develop. Key learnings emerged in regard to enhanced understanding of cultural collaboration, respectful cocreation approaches, the importance of formal and informal relationship engagement practices, leadership within the impact campaign, and how collaborative storytelling for the purpose of generating impact can affect change. Keywords: impact campaign, participatory action research, documentary, cocreation, Indigenous/non-Indigenous collaboration, leadership
2024
en_US
College of interdisciplinary studies
DocuStory & Impact Campaigns: Examining the Dynamics of Cocreating Change through Digital Storytelling
Thesis
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/261332023-01-13T04:16:59Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_935com_10170_934com_10170_711col_10170_36col_10613_5041
VIURRSpace
advisor
Jull, Marnie
author
Enns, Jodi Leanne
2023-01-12T02:05:49Z
2023-01-12T02:05:49Z
2023-01-12
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/26133http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17885
This phenomenological study explores the obstacles, motivations, supports and gaps church leaders identify as they make decisions when a complaint of emotional harm is submitted against another individual whom the leader oversees. Complaints are made against behaviours that are often nuanced and, to name a few, can include patterns of sarcasm, shaming, overly controlling behaviour, coercion, angry outbursts, or passive aggressive tendencies. A leader responding to a reported complaint encounters obstacles, motivations, supports and gaps in decision-making. Exploring case studies of church leaders, this research utilizes the Insight approach as a framework that attends to the interiority of individual decision-making within complex social contexts. Understanding how leaders make decisions in the face of a complaint of emotional harm can better equip future leaders who are required to respond to similar complaints.
en
What do I do now? Church leader decision-making in response to complaints about one of their team member’s emotionally harmful behaviours
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8012017-04-24T16:33:41Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Nasmyth, Guy
advisor
Palmer, Becky
advisor
Rowland, Paula
advisor
Harris, Brigitte
author
Friesen, Matthew M.
2015-03-19T20:10:19Z
2015-03-19T20:10:19Z
2015-03-19
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/801
At BC Children's Hospital, physician leaders face complex environments replete with ambiguity. In anticipation of the new Acute Care Centre (ACC), a "procedures suite" clinical model will bring Surgery, Anaesthesiology, and Interventional Radiology programs under a shared leadership structure. The practice of leadership in this environment is juxtaposed with the distinctive skills required of these highly specialized physicians. This research explored how leadership capacity could be enhanced for this group. Sub-questions explored participants' attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs regarding the practice of leadership, and factors that were seen as contributing to successful leadership. The findings provide recommendations for enhancing physicians' leadership capacity. A mixed-method, action research methodology, consisting of participant observations, interviews, and an online survey were used. Five recommendations resulted: improve relationships among operational leaders and physician leaders, define physician leadership, expand current leadership development programs, develop quantifiable outcome measures, and build physician leadership awareness through UBC's Faculty of Medicine.
adaptive
change
culture
health care
leadership
organization
From knife to nebulous : physician leadership in the procedures suite
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/8702017-04-24T16:42:07Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
advisor
Stanley, Richard
author
Gravelle, Kristin
2016-02-04T22:38:06Z
2016-02-04T22:38:06Z
2016-02-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/870
The intent of the British Columbia Groundfish Hook and Line Catch Monitoring Program is to provide accurate estimates of species-by-area catch, including at-sea discards. The program, overseen by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, provides official estimates of total catch via fisher logbooks and dockside monitoring. This research provides a description of program components, examines weaknesses (i.e., non-random sampling), and analyzes catch data for a cross section of species, including: bocaccio, canary rockfish, lingcod and North Pacific spiny dogfish. This research provides evidence that the assumption of representativeness underpinning the program is valid, and that the system is providing good catch information, in most cases, related to the species under study. During the course of this research, data handling practices and the potential for uncertainty in the video footage review data emerged as additional objectives.
British Columbia
catch-monitoring
electronic monitoring
groundfish
participatory fisheries management
post-retention discards
Validation of catch estimates for select species within the British Columbia groundfish hook-and-line catch monitoring program
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/233672020-09-26T10:40:21Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Robertson-Baldwin, Kerry
2020-09-25T19:02:15Z
2020-09-25T19:02:15Z
2020-09-25
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23367http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15266
The Alberta oil and gas industry continually seeks ways to reuse wastewaters within the context of environmental regulations. This thesis examines the use of landfill leachate as an alternative source to freshwater in the formulation of water-based drilling fluid. Key drilling fluid parameters of interest were accordingly compared to Class II leachate and freshwater samples. The concurrent data were also evaluated with respect to Alberta’s regulatory criteria to assess the risk to humans and the environment. The results showed that the reuse of landfill leachate presents several technical challenges and opportunities. Although landfill leachate quality and quantity vary spatially and temporally, its use nonetheless may positively offset drilling fluid chemical additives and freshwater volumes requirements. Adaptive and optimal designed management approaches would undoubtedly promote landfill leachate use by industry if adequately supported by enlightening regulations and reduced administrative burden.
en
landfill leachate
wastewater reuse
water conservation
water-based drilling fluids
Landfill leachate : an alternative water source for Alberta oil and gas development
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VIURRSpace
author
Moore, Carla A.
2021-05-05T01:02:14Z
2021-05-05T01:02:14Z
2021-05-05
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/24389http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-16216
All too often, narratives in media, public discourse, and some scholarship in the United States and Canada focus on low access and retention rates of black students attending post-secondary institutions. Although it is important to understand the reasons tempering the success of students socialized as black, it is equally important to study how and why some black students succeed. The aim of this research inquiry, which was guided by a pragmatist approach, was to learn from the experiences of black graduates of Canadian post-secondary institutions, a topic that has received little scholarly attention in Canada to date. Specifically, this study examined how black graduates navigated obstacles, adopted success strategies, and drew on family and community support. This qualitative, phenomenological study engaged 16 participants from Ontario in a semi-structured telephone interview. An interdisciplinary theoretical framework engaging concepts of Critical Race Theory, Yosso’s (2005) Community Cultural Wealth Model, and Resiliency Theory was developed to support and form the interpretation of the findings of this study. Participants described everyday expressions of racism, faculty interactions and/or relationships, institutional resources, and academic challenges as presenting obstacles that created difficulties during their programs. The findings demonstrate that the participants employed a variety of resources and strategies, which led to their success. The results of the study allowed identification of specific success factors and strategies, such as encouraging and supportive faculty interactions and/or relationships, encouraging and supportive black faculty interactions and/or relationships, support groups, familial and kinship traditions and values, work ethic modelling, use of institutional resources, engagement of various forms of resistance tactics, and resilience. Findings explore the significance of various forms of community cultural capital, including aspirational, navigational, social, familial and resistant. Contextual differences such as participants’ personal and family histories and education experiences in Canada informs which of the community cultural capital were utilized.
en
Critical Race Theory
Black Students
Canada
Post-Secondary
Racism
Telling a different story : a counternarrative on Black graduates’ experiences at Canadian post-secondary institutions
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/1312017-04-24T16:37:50Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
advisor
Dale, Ann, 1948-
author
Hohn, Michelle
2009-11-30T19:09:36Z
2009-11-30T19:09:36Z
2009-11-30T19:09:36Z
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/131
Drawing on experience as a communications consultant to the junior mining industry, this research emerged from my observations that anti-mining, non-governmental organization (NGO) campaigns are currently winning the public relations war against the mining industry. Increasing global awareness and anti-mining sentiment may be due in part to a lack of communication on behalf of mining companies with respect to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and specifically community investment activities in developing countries. I sought to investigate what community investment initiatives a sample of Canadian junior exploration companies are conducting and the root causes for a possible CSR communication gap or “reporting silence” in this regard, which, if remedied, could potentially help balance this negative publicity. Results from interviews with mining company executives, industry CSR practitioners, and investment fund managers identified a number of factors contributing to a community investment communication gap, and reflect upon the multiplicity of stakeholder audiences with complex and divergent information needs. My thesis concludes with recommendations as to how junior exploration companies and industry CSR practitioners might consider community investment in developing countries through a complexity science lens to explore collaborative solutions in addressing these communication gaps.
mass communications
mining
industry communication gaps
Canadian junior mining companies
corporate social responsibility
developing countries
community investment
stakeholder mapping
complexity science
Investing in community : Canadian junior mining companies, corporate social responsibility, and the communication gap
License granted by Laura Carleton (laura.carleton@royalroads.ca) on 2009-11-30T19:09:19Z (GMT):

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VIURRSpace
advisor
Pulla, Siomonn
author
Defriend, Courtney
2023-02-17T05:03:53Z
2023-02-17T05:03:53Z
2023-02-17
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/26470http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-18201
The health status of Indigenous peoples in what is now known as Canada is a manifestation of its colonial systems. Legislation that defines Indigeneity, land base, resource allocation, and access to health supports perpetuate illness of Indigenous peoples in Canada. Despite efforts to reconcile such systems, many fall through the cracks. Upholding the importance of relationality between researcher and topic, this dissertation by portfolio uses Indigenous methods to explore experiences of First Nations people attached to the Tillicum Lelum Aboriginal Friendship Centre in Nanaimo. To mirror existing funding streams, small sample populations of First Nations people from Vancouver Island participated in qualitative data collection methods that upheld the tradition of storytelling as a form of knowledge exchange. This dissertation displays perspectives and experiences of participants in Nanaimo, which intersect with current province-wide models applied to the transformation of First Nations’ health in British Columbia.
Using the traditional life cycle as a framework, four interdependent components created this dissertation bv portfolio. Those components were: A journal article manuscript, an impact assessment, a picture book, and this synthesis paper. Highlighting values of reciprocity, balance, and reflection, two portfolio components collected data while the other two documents showcase reciprocal accountability of the researcher. As a result, the dissertation by portfolio offers scoping, technical advice, opportunities for change with generations to come, and an example of Indigenous research at an applied, doctoral level.
en
“You belong to everyone” : urban First Nations access to health services
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/233632023-01-06T04:13:49Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_631com_10170_630com_10170_629col_10170_36col_10170_632
VIURRSpace
advisor
Axe, Jo
author
Boyce, Christy M
2020-09-23T22:05:07Z
2020-09-23T22:05:07Z
2020-09-23
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/23363http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-15264
This research is a qualitative case study on the use of an online pre-briefing module in an established healthcare simulation Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) in a Canadian health authority. In-person pre-briefing of learners before they begin simulation training has been shown to improve the learners’ engagement and increase learner psychological safety in healthcare simulation training. Although there is evolving research supporting simulation pre-briefing practices and frameworks, the benefits of online learning environments for pre-briefings are not understood. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework, my research provided an online pre-briefing for NRP learners, seeking to understand their perception of the applied eLearning design and their sense of psychological safety in the subsequent in-person training day. Recognizing limited sample size, findings reveal numerous potential benefits of an online pre-briefing on learner engagement and preparation for simulation. Recommendations include the further examination of this online simulation teaching practice.
en
blended learning
healthcare
pre-briefing
An online pre-briefing for a blended learning neonatal resuscitation program simulation training course - learner perception and experience
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/6842017-04-24T16:33:11Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
advisor
Nasmyth, Guy
advisor
Haddow, Heather
advisor
Gilpin-Jackson, Yabome
advisor
Harris, Brigitte
author
Seerup, Chad
2014-03-13T01:09:20Z
2014-03-13T01:09:20Z
2014-03-12
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/684
The focus of this thesis was to utilize the organizational action research process to formulate recommendations on how to develop a leadership system for managers within Mount Royal University (MRU). The following organizational action research question and sub questions guided the research: How can Mount Royal University support leadership development for individuals who are new to management roles? The sub questions were: What are the key leadership competencies? If new management roles have incorporated leadership into their practice, what would we expect to see? How will new management integrate leadership into their roles? The research data collected were from a series of focus groups with managers and senior managers. The four themes that encapsulated what is required for effective leadership development of MRU managers were, organizational understanding of leadership, leadership development, leadership community, and leadership culture. Research findings and relevant literature concluded that MRU needed a model to guide the desired leadership behaviors. Leadership behaviors require a supportive system with a flexible yet rigid leadership framework. In addition, vision, values and community would act to prepare managers for the change that leadership development required. The project recommendations reflected the need for MRU managers to explore, recreate, and define leadership. Specific leadership characteristics were identified within a competency framework. Recommendations linking leadership to MRU's Human Resources systems were made. Lastly, communities of practice and leadership resources were suggested as leadership support mechanisms for managers.
Leadership competencies
Leadership system
Manager development
Organizational change
Mount Royal University ; supporting management through leadership
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/5692017-04-24T16:29:35Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Ling, Chris
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
Larsen, Julie Esther
2013-02-13T23:35:06Z
2013-02-13T23:35:06Z
2013-02-13
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/569
One of the challenges faced by the United Nations in addressing global environmental issues is to find politically agreeable strategies that promote action at the national level. One approach is to designate observances, such as the 2010 International Year of Biodiversity (IYB). While the UN has used these international designations for several years, the results achieved from them are rarely examined, particularly at the national level. This research asked: How has the International Year of Biodiversity been used to initiate actions that protect biodiversity in Canada? It developed a case study, based on data collected from a documentation review, semi-structured interviews, and collaborative dialogues designed to further explore preliminary findings. Data were analysed qualitatively. Results converged around six findings, primarily around the Year's use as a communications tool. Ten recommendations aim to guide future uses of international designations in Canada as a tool to address global environmental issues.
Biodiversity
Case study
Communications
Public policy
United Nations
UN observances
How did the international year of biodiversity promote action at the national level?
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/6852017-04-24T16:40:53Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_631com_10170_630com_10170_629col_10170_36col_10170_632
VIURRSpace
advisor
MacGillivray, Alice
advisor
Sullivan, Cris
advisor
Axe, Jo
author
Alexander, Margaret Marion
2014-03-13T01:16:09Z
2014-03-13T01:16:09Z
2014-03-12
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/685
This study explores ways in which workers understand learning in relation to their work. The participants worked in Ontario women's shelters. The research method applied in this study was phenomenography. Eight women's anti-violence workers shared insights through semi-structured interviews. Four qualitatively different ways of understanding learning in anti-violence work emerged from the data. The study suggests that women's anti-violence workers understand their learning as deeply embedded in their work contexts and in the changes they are trying to effect. The scope and focus of these changes varied. The findings of this study could assist in the development of conceptual frameworks for training anti-violence workers. The researcher also suggests that communities of practice may be critical forums for learning, as they are designed for situated workplace learning, and can evolve with changing contexts.
CoP
learning
phenomenography
practice
situated
workplace
Learning women's anti-violence work: A phenomenographic study
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/54092019-09-26T20:44:38Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_610
VIURRSpace
author
Annand, Amanda
2018-01-22T23:25:07Z
2018-01-22T23:25:07Z
2018-01-22
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5409http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-358
Canadian companies lead the world in the development of mineral commodities and mining is crucial to the Canadian economy. Recent research shows instances of civilian criminalization, injury, and even death in connection to Canadian mining companies operating across Latin America. This project explores issues related to conflicts between Canadian mining interests and local communities through a public ethnography of the case of Minera San Xavier in Cerro de San Pedro, San Luis Potosí, Mexico. The results challenge the often-polarized discourse on mining by creating space for narratives based on the communities’ experiences, which prove to be more nuanced. The end discussion offers insights into the socio-economic and political factors underpinning mining conflict and the role of public ethnography in deepening our understanding of these issues.
en
MINE : A public ethnography of the case of Minera San Xavier in Cerro de San Pedro, Mexico
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/252472022-01-11T17:50:12Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_622com_10170_581com_10170_386col_10170_36col_10170_624
VIURRSpace
author
Holt, Nathaniel
2022-01-10T20:03:58Z
2022-01-10T20:03:58Z
2022-01-10
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25247http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17059
In 2015, the Province of British Columbia (BC) focussed on treating and improving the mental health and well-being of first responders (BC First Responders Mental Health, 2021). At this time, the Nelson Police Department (NPD) established the Wellness Group to provide access to education, training, and treatment programs. NPD and other police agencies experienced initial success, and these programs became essential within their respective organizations. My focus in this capstone was to identify a means to continue to develop these in-house initiatives through an appreciative inquiry lens. The principal inquiry question of my thesis was: How might Nelson Police Department improve the mental health and well-being of its members? Drawing from positive lived experience of the NPD membership allowed me to make recommendations for positive change that were rooted in the organization rather than cloned from general adopted practices of other police agencies.
en
communication
community
emotional trauma police
support
trust
Police surviving and thriving following emotional trauma
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/6662017-04-24T16:35:50Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Newman, Lenore
advisor
Boydell, Tony
author
Tambeau, Murray Alan
2014-01-09T21:45:01Z
2014-01-09T21:45:01Z
2014-01-09
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/666
Environmentalism, like any other noteworthy social movement, has been met with some resistance. Opposition to this movement has come both from the general public and from organized anti-environmental groups. The closeness, or lack thereof, between the organized groups' messages and those of the public has yet to be clearly defined. Given that organized groups are often more capable of getting their message out to a larger audience, it is important to know to what extent the thoughts and ideas they put forward are representative of those of the public. Without examining this relationship, responding to anti-environmental sentiment in the public will be difficult.In an effort to understand opposition towards environmentalism in the general public, this project examined the blogosphere. Anti-environmental weblog (blog) postings were subjected to a content analysis in order to reveal common themes present within them. The specific focus of the analysis was on the manner in which environmentalism was portrayed by its opponents, as opposed to points of factual disagreement. Comparisons were then made to the arguments of the organized anti-environmentalism factions, and a more complete picture of the opposition toward environmentalism was constructed. From this basis, recommendations for a response to anti-environmental sentiment from leaders in the area of sustainable development were given.
anti-environmentalism
blogosphere
content analysis
environmentalism
sustainability
Understanding anti-environmentalism : content analyzing the blogosphere for insight into opposition to environmentalism
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/1212017-04-24T16:37:44Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Miller, Anne
author
Boysen, Mark
2009-11-25T22:02:57Z
2009-11-25T22:02:57Z
2009-11-25T22:02:57Z
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/121
This project assessed whether the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) focuses on
providing true environmental indicator reporting within its framework. The analysis
focused on environmental indicator data quality through observation of the data
collection process for a sustainability report. Participants showed satisfaction with the
requested data in regards to future comparability and transparency, concerns with data
reliability and stakeholder concerns and significant concerns with data gathering systems.
A review of 2007 reporting identified a low level of complete environmental indicator
reporting and a low level of independent assurance. The study recommends significant
enhancements at the GRI and governmental level. At the GRI level, the study
recommends mandatory assurance of reports to receive GRI designation. At the
governmental level, the study recommends mandatory corporate reporting for larger
organizations to limit data quality issues and raise the overall sustainability performance
of those organizations having the largest potential impact on sustainability.
Global Reporting Initiative
Environmental indicators
Management
An assessment of environmental indicator data quality in GRI sustainability reporting
License granted by Laura Carleton (laura.carleton@royalroads.ca) on 2009-11-25T22:02:05Z (GMT):

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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/275822024-01-04T12:56:42Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278col_10170_36
VIURRSpace
advisor
Mullinix, Kent
author
Townsend, Emily
2024-01-03T23:10:46Z
2024-01-03T23:10:46Z
2024
https://hdl.handle.net/10613/27582https://doi.org/10.25316/IR-19254
Andean potato cultivars, a staple crop for diets and agriculture in the Andes, are declining largely due to lack of public interest and consumer demand, posing socio-economic and environmental challenges. Potato is native to the South American Andes, where farmers have, for millennia, selected thousands of cultivars for specific traits. This study aimed to explore and identify potential strategy options to increase the cultivation and preservation of Andean potato cultivars in Ecuador. This qualitative research consisted of semi-structured interviews with Andean farmers in the province of Chimborazo to identify farmers’ key challenges, and a document analysis co-developed with local experts to identify key strategies that target public interest in Andean potato cultivars. Twelve strategy options were preliminarily identified and narrowed down to the six most applicable options, having added socio-economic and environmental benefits, and that could be implemented in Ecuador to incentivize cultivation and preservation Andean potato cultivars.
2024
en_US
School of environment and sustainability
Strategies to Increase Andean Potato Cultivation and Preservation in Ecuador
Thesis
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/66702019-09-26T02:27:53Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Walker, Kathleen
2018-08-30T04:00:49Z
2018-08-30T04:00:49Z
2018-08-30
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6670http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1570
This thesis presents an interpretative phenomenological analysis in anecdotal narratives of several digitally co-present migrants’ agency, access, and attachment process in the context of their new geography, the landscape of the Pacific Northwest in the Seattle, Washington, area. Interviews, enhanced by photo elicitation of interactions with local landscapes and images shared by sending communities, probed for ways participants made embodied connection with new landscapes for continuity and identity while sustaining profound emotional support through disembodied real-time communication with distant family. In their process of creating belonging, immigrants’ practice of eco-presence, a neologism for connecting with restorative natural landscapes, ranged from acute to subtle. Desire for knowledge of natural environments was universally expressed but learning was hampered by lack of time and access due to resettlement stresses. Digital or virtual co-presence was a tool, not a detriment, in establishing a new home, expanding identity, and reflecting a transnational habitus. Insights offer potential for enhancing resettlement agencies’ communication and program development that directly addresses the benefits of connecting with new physical geography to newcomers’ identity, well-being, and belonging.
en
communication
digital co-presence
interpretative phenomenological analysis
landscape
migrant
place attachment
Terra Firma and the digitally co-present migrant : exploring the significance of landscape for the newcomer
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Walker_royalroads_1313O_10555.pdf.txt
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/86202019-09-26T00:49:15Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_631com_10170_630com_10170_629col_10170_36col_10170_632
VIURRSpace
author
Smith, Jillian Elizabeth
2018-12-07T20:01:37Z
2018-12-07T20:01:37Z
2018-12-07
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/8620http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-3131
The purpose of this case study was to explore the problems that teachers anticipate facing when facilitating a new online computer-based substance use intervention program to grade six and seven elementary school students. This case study aimed to identify the support resources that teachers predict would be valuable to them in order to facilitate such a program. Four teachers were interviewed. A semi-structured interview protocol was used and then thematic analysis was applied to code the data. The results identified the following themes: technological barriers, autonomy, role apprehension, facilitation resources, and a general anti-drug attitude. Findings of the study include valuing healthy living as a school subject, identification of variation between schools and school districts, a consistent desire to spread an anti-drug message, a request for digital manuals and a support point person, the challenge of relying on a computer-based application, and the preference for teachers to have a reliable source of anti-drug resources while maintaining their ability to tailor the lessons to their teaching style. Future studies may include a more heterogeneous population and investigate schools in urban area. Additionally, further areas for program development can include tailoring online programs to work within the confines of school district technology restrictions, and providing the option for teachers to modify lessons to meet their classroom needs.
en
Alcohol and Drugs
Classroom
Digital
Intervention
Teacher
Technology
Uncovering challenges : a case study identifying the barriers of introducing a proposed computer-based substance use intervention program into elementary classrooms
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/244622021-06-25T18:25:59Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
author
Schier, Brandi May Jean
2021-06-25T01:03:54Z
2021-06-25T01:03:54Z
2021-06-25
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/24462http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-16285
For decades, the Canadian news media industry has been eroded by a myriad of factors including media conglomeration, the changing digital landscape, and declining advertising revenue—a situation which has only been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research examines six community news organizations across the western provinces of Alberta and British Columbia who are using new journalism practices and revenue models to serve their communities as a response to the ongoing crisis narrative currently surrounding the Canadian media industry. Through an action research appreciative inquiry methodology, this research focuses on what is working well for these organizations to create new regionally based knowledge regarding the keys to their current success, to future sustainability, and to potential replicability. In addition, the data is analyzed through Carlson’s metajournalistic discourse framework to uncover in what ways these journalists are challenging or changing the discourse surrounding local news production in their communities and in the wider industry. It concludes there are several foundational blocks other community news publishers can build upon to help create healthy and diverse media ecosystems, and while readers are showing support for these news organizations, the wider industry could be doing more to legitimize their organizations and metajournalisitc discourses.
en
business of journalism
community news
journalism
metajournalistic discourse
new journalism models
New models of journalism in Alberta and British Columbia : changing the metajournalistic discourse of community news
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/258392022-05-27T00:43:08Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_695com_10170_506com_10170_140col_10170_36col_10170_696
VIURRSpace
advisor
Kathy Bishop
author
Schmaltz, Karen Irene
2022-05-24T22:08:16Z
2022-05-24T22:08:16Z
2022-05-24
https://viurrspace.ca/handle/10613/25839http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-17605
This research examined the function and value of a coalition in identifying and mobilizing novel solutions to health organizations across Canada in an environment of forced disruption (i.e., COVID-19). More specifically, the study used a naturalistic inquiry methodology to understand the process of how the Canadian Health Leadership Network (CHLNet) coalition responded to the need to integrate e-Learning—an unfamiliar delivery practice for leadership development—into leadership development for its member partners and was hastened by the pandemic. The CHLNet case study results suggested that the coalition was a valuable setting upon which to identify and mobilize knowledge across Canada, despite the many challenges the pandemic brought. Further, the findings suggested that for CHLNet, key process elements contributed to their success that included using an adaptive leadership approach, taking advantage of an opportunity, selecting the right people to work on the project, actively managing the project, and allowing iterative journey processes that mirrored those of design thinking to emerge. Out of this study came three recommendations that address gaps in knowledge and suggest new lines of inquiry, namely: to look for patterns of successful project initiatives in coalitions; to explore a possible correlation between design thinking and coalition project initiatives; and to study the mindset, motivation, and empowerment of coalition project members. Overall, this study illustrated the significant value a coalition could have on identifying and mobilizing divergent practice knowledge on a national scale during a chaotic time of forced disruption across health organizations.
en
coalition
COVID-19 pandemic
design thinking
e-Learning
healthcare leadership development
naturalistic inquiry
Turning on a dime during COVID : a Canadian healthcare coalition’s process of integrating e-Learning into leadership development
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4012017-04-24T16:26:01Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_617
VIURRSpace
advisor
Newman, Lenore
author
Smith, Bradley Jefferson
2011-01-13T19:49:01Z
2011-01-13T19:49:01Z
2011-01-13
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/401
This SSHRC and Pacific Leaders funded thesis summarizes participatory action research conducted in El Salvador between January 2008 and April 2009. This research resulted in a $355,000 proposal to the Canadian International Development Agency for a sustainable agriculture research and education centre in canton Agua Blanca, Morazán, El Salvador. The project is proposed by Canadian NGO, Rainbow of Hope for Children, in partnership with Salvadoran NGO, Fundahmer.
Fundahmer owns 9.8 hectares of land in Agua Blanca. The researcher analysed practices at an existing Rainbow agriculture project in Izalco, and identified options for Agua Blanca by defining project goals and objectives, conducting a risk assessment, describing proposed centre activities, quantifying beneficiaries, assessing funding requirements, and developing performance measures. Funding was rejected, citing six sections that required additional information for second submission: sector and regional context, sustainability, gender, beneficiaries, performance measures, and environmental impacts. Seven recommendations are included to move project forward.
Sustainable agriculture
Agriculture--Research
Agricultural education
Agua Blanca (El Salvador)
El Salvador
Action research (Research methodology)
Considerations for developing a sustainable agriculture research and education centre at Agua Blanca, El Salvador
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/4262017-04-24T16:25:54Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
advisor
Rollins, Rick
author
Williams, Robert Edward
2011-03-25T16:12:42Z
2011-03-25T16:12:42Z
2011-03-25
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/426
Parks and protected areas are crucial for the health of the biosphere and long-term
sustainability of the planet. However challenges these areas face include: there are
simply not enough of them, the existing ones are often too small and fragmented, and
there is not always public support for them. Regional parks are specific types of
protected areas that can help contribute to conservation and sustainability. The
effectiveness of protected areas for conservation can be enhanced through a variety of
strategies such as “biosphere reserves”. This research looks at stakeholder perceptions
regarding potential benefits of the Mount Arrowsmith Massif Regional Park and the
importance of the Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Reserve Operating Framework. This
study has contributed to the larger Protected Areas and Poverty Reduction (PAPR)
research initiative as it discusses the flow of costs and benefits from protected areas and
alternate forms of protected area governance.
Biosphere reserves
Parks
Protected areas
Public opinion
Protected Areas and Poverty Reduction: A Canada-Africa Research and Learning Alliance
Mount Arrowsmith Massif Regional Park (B.C.)
Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Reserve (B.C.)
British Columbia
Understanding stakeholder perspectives : the case of Mount Arrowsmith Massif Regional Park & the Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Reserve
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/54632019-09-26T03:21:01Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
McLeod, Shannon
2018-02-06T02:22:02Z
2018-02-06T02:22:02Z
2018-02-06
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5463http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-411
This thesis explores the question, “What is the phenomenological experience of photography with nature?” Upon observing patrons at a regional park who appeared to be experiencing nature through their cameras, I became curious as to the value of photography for nature connection. Over the course of six months, I practiced photography while in nature and through autoethnography recorded my experiences and observations of photography with nature. Selected photographs are in the blog http://naturethroughthelens.webs.com. Through this regular practice of photography with nature, including contemplative photography techniques, I was able to strengthen my own connection with nature. Themes that emerged through qualitative analysis of my photographs and observations included interconnection, dualism, and the sense of “self” in photography. This regular practice of photography with nature can be adapted to engage educators, photographers, or even students in creating their own regular photographic art practice while in nature and potentially increasing their sense of connection to nature.
en
Art Based Inquiry
Contemplative Art
Miksang
Nature Connection
Phenomenology
Photography
Nature through the lens the phenomenological experience of photography with nature
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/5542017-04-24T16:27:27Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
Healy, Teresa
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
Cooling, Karen
2013-01-25T00:05:12Z
2013-01-25T00:05:12Z
2013-01-24
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/554
This thesis explores, from a labour perspective, the relationships between labour and environmental activists: relationships that were created following decades of conflict and resolution of environmental issues. Flowing from the question `What can be learned from labour leaders' experiences of building relationships with environmental activists?' I utilized the stories of those who were actively involved during and after the `war in the woods' period. This case study used an institutional ethnographic approach to determine how and why the conflict occurred. I argue that while the personal qualities of leadership are essential, they are not sufficient for relationship building. Labour leaders also need to prepare the ground inside individual unions to facilitate authentic external relationships that can turn into lasting political change. The final discussion turns to exploring unions as systems, leadership in unions, and reflecting on how labour leaders ready their unions to work effectively with coalition partners.
Conflict Resolution
Environmental Activism
Institutional Ethnography
Leadership
Social Unionism
No jobs on a dead planet : labour's perceptions of relationship building between British Columbia's labour and environmental movements
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/9502019-09-25T23:45:22Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
advisor
Faechner, Ty
author
Brett, Samantha
2016-10-26T23:49:44Z
2016-10-26T23:49:44Z
2016-10-26
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/950
Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is a trenchless method used during pipeline installation that is effective at minimizing disturbance on the surrounding environment. The
traditional method of pipeline installation under watercourses is termed isolated open-cut, where surface and subsurface disturbance is created during pipeline construction. This thesis aims to understand the decision-making tools utilized during pipeline construction projects in the oil and
gas industry where new pipeline construction is traversing watercourses along a pipeline route. Case studies were developed to analyze pre-construction planning and construction
considerations made in relation to the physical properties of the studied site locations to determine which crossing method is most suitable for each site. Geographical challenges, terrain,
regulatory requirements, economic costs and time constraints influence pipeline construction when determining if HDD technology or isolated open-cut is the most suitable installation
method for a specific site.
Environmental considerations of pipeline installation methods through watercourses
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/5232017-04-24T16:39:48Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
advisor
Staniforth, Sue
advisor
Kool, Richard
advisor
Noble, Michael-Anne
author
MacIver, James
2012-09-19T23:01:33Z
2012-09-19T23:01:33Z
2012-09-19
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/523
The Natural Step (TNS) is a global non-profit organization, providing a science-based
framework, methodology, tools, and training for sustainability to: leaders; change agents; and
champions in organizations and communities. This thesis is a utilization-focused evaluation of a
two-day course called Sustainability for Leaders – Level One, which was designed and delivered
as a pilot over six sessions, in six cites, by TNS Canada in the Fall/Winter of 09/10 (course now
ongoing). TNS Canada’s intention is to scale use of TNS Framework upwards and outwards
within Canada. Research included: evaluating course materials; observing pilot deliveries;
interviewing course designers, facilitators, participants; and assessing participant feedback. The
research uncovered many positives in the course, but also found areas for improvement.
Feedback and specific recommendations are given about: course design, facilitation, course
impacts, the integration and definition of leadership for future deliveries, and knowledge
generated for the Sustainability for Leaders – Level Two course.
A utilization-focused evaluation of the natural step, sustainability for leaders- level one course
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/54902019-09-26T03:19:16Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_616
VIURRSpace
author
Calman, Shelby
2018-02-14T23:20:46Z
2018-02-14T23:20:46Z
2018-02-14
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5490http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-437
The research project described in this thesis entailed the development of a conceptual design for a youth leadership program intended for implementation in an urban British Columbia public secondary school (grades 8-12). The project included elements of a case study with action research and involved an Action Research Team (ART) composed of the author’s colleagues and student researchers. As proposed, the program was intended to align with the new British Columbia Ministry of Education K-12 curriculum and to offer students opportunities to develop leadership attributes and skills relevant to real-world contexts. Recommendations for the implementation of the intended program are based on results from student input and current literature around engaged citizenship building in a school setting.
Keywords: Action Research, Case Study, ART, youth leadership, BC Curriculum, 21st Century Learning, BC Core Competencies
en
21st Century Learning,
Action Research
BC Core Competencies
BC Curriculum
Case Study
Youth Leadership
Giving students voices : a design for a youth leadership program at a British Columbia high school
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/132442019-09-26T00:14:10Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_631com_10170_630com_10170_629col_10170_36col_10170_632
VIURRSpace
author
Minten, Steve
2019-07-12T01:00:39Z
2019-07-12T01:00:39Z
2019-07-12
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/13244http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-7510
This thesis explores the influence of government funding on online course development, specifically the Shared Online Course fund offered to two Ontario colleges. It uses a qualitative case study research approach to examine the impact that it had on administrators, faculty, and staff members who were part of online course development under this fund. The findings of the study identify the degree to which the funding influenced the ability of the institutions to develop internal capacity to develop courses online, notes best practices, identifies what challenges were encountered, and makes recommendations that can be implemented for future programs similar to this one.
Keywords: development, instructional design, government funding, online learning.
en
design
development
education
government
Learning
Online
The influence of government funding on online course development at two Ontario colleges : a help or a hindrance?
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URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/e53271d0-f821-4ce4-948b-a1f5ca5e1798/download
File
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db155476511186a83eab798bf23a416d
518248
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Minten_royalroads_1313O_10621.pdf
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/acb601a7-b921-4ffa-bf35-93dd0af2b01a/download
File
etag
fd214165e57b12281a2810907316a5fd
161349
text/plain
Minten_royalroads_1313O_10621.pdf.txt
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/daf53e25-a203-4ea6-858b-46e8f2edfab2/download
File
etag
5e71f184e9b87f70e61bd25a05b558d0
2578
image/jpeg
Minten_royalroads_1313O_10621.pdf.jpg
oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/61832019-10-02T17:54:20Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Reimer, Jonathan Lee
2018-06-14T22:03:58Z
2018-06-14T22:03:58Z
2018-06-14
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/6183http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-1107
Rapid suppression, or initial attack (IA), is the primary method of managing new fires, with relatively low costs and high containment rates. Factors contributing to containment are well understood, but consequences for the landscape-level distribution of fire risk are not. This research introduces a method of assessing IA impacts using spatially-explicit burn probability (BP) analysis, and applies it to a study area in Kootenay National Park. BP is assessed with and without the influence of suppression by combining the Burn-P3 model with a stochastic probability of containment algorithm.
Results indicate IA impacts are spatially heterogeneous. Suppression was most effective in recently burned areas, whereas mature, contiguous fuels moderated its influence. IA was least effective in the management zone where natural fire is not permitted, suggesting supplementary tactics may be appropriate. Managers can use this method to compare emergent, fine-scale consequences of fire management policy and increase long-term management effectiveness.
en
burn probability
effectiveness
initial attack
landscape management
spatial variability
suppression
Measuring suppression : quantifying reductions in burn probability from initial attack
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URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/f4ca75ae-fff7-44e9-b901-37f30ce6f2b9/download
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81793a0e4e27098ac1dae8b940a5007c
3033862
application/pdf
Reimer_royalroads_1313O_10535.pdf
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/a7a22695-1cdb-4d86-ab47-ded2b65ce285/download
File
etag
eb9cd92801ffc9d18179004e7cb8918b
99727
text/plain
Reimer_royalroads_1313O_10535.pdf.txt
URL
https://viurr.dspace7.dspace-express.com/bitstreams/51e46f47-8cab-428e-89fc-003996cc8f0d/download
File
etag
fcf67bb6b93a93c46b1cb30535b33a29
5097
image/jpeg
Reimer_royalroads_1313O_10535.pdf.jpg
oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/50232019-09-26T21:08:03Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_614com_10170_533com_10170_18col_10170_36col_10170_615
VIURRSpace
author
Collins, Stephanie Lorraine
2017-07-14T19:17:17Z
2017-07-14T19:17:17Z
2017-07-14
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/5023http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-13
As aquaculture continues to grow worldwide, land-based aquaculture facilities can be ideal because a large volume of fish can be produced in a small area. With growth comes the concern of water usage and wastewater management. New technologies are being utilized to address these issues, including those to lead to a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) which can allow for almost complete reuse of hatchery waters. A cost-effective, efficient, and sustainable system is still needed. This study evaluated one potential RAS technology, an unsubmerged bioreactor, for: its effectiveness at removing wastewater contaminants from a rainbow trout hatchery in Ontario; and the effect operating conditions such as influent temperature, influent concentration, and treatment time have on contaminant removal. The results indicate that for this hatchery, the technology was effective at reducing or maintaining contaminant levels to those appropriate for recirculation, and that treatment time will be dependent on wastewater influent characteristics.
en
aquaculture
bioreactor
recirculation
wastewater
An evaluation of wastewater treatment technologies for the purpose of recirculation in aquaculture facilities with a focus on an unsubmerged bioreactor
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10170/9432019-09-25T22:43:16Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_609com_10170_541com_10170_21col_10170_36col_10170_611
VIURRSpace
advisor
Li, Zhenyi
author
Pasquale, Nicholas
2016-10-26T01:51:32Z
2016-10-26T01:51:32Z
2016-10-26
http://hdl.handle.net/10170/943
This study takes a modern approach applying the TOFHLA to Torontonians in order to identify some of the contributing factors impacting the physician-patient divide.
The TOFHLA questionnaire with added customized pre-screening questions was administered to 100 participants who were directly approached, further using a snowball sampling method.
The Test of Functional Health Literacy Assessment (TOFHLA) is used to assess a patient’s level of comprehension of health-related material. The TOFHLA was validated by researchers Baker and Parker et al. in two separate studies in 1995 and 1999.
This study has proven that age, gender, and English as a first or second language has no effect on health literacy level (P>0.05), education (P=0.024) was the main variable involved with positive health literacy levels. This study has successfully outlined areas of improvement such as, patient experience and engagement which influences recovery time.
Bioethics
Healthcare
Health Communication
Health Education
Health Literacy
TOFHLA
Health literacy in Toronto : applying the TOFHLA to identify the gap between physician and patient
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oai:viurrspace.ca:10613/109022019-09-26T00:24:22Zcom_10170_35com_10170_3278com_10170_695com_10170_506com_10170_140col_10170_36col_10170_696
VIURRSpace
author
Euverman, Susan
2019-03-28T04:00:18Z
2019-03-28T04:00:18Z
2019-03-28
http://hdl.handle.net/10613/10902http://dx.doi.org/10.25316/IR-5299
This research is aimed at understanding how masculinities are developed in five males who grew up in a small northern BC community. Using narratives and autoethnography, this research shows that the community, family and education are all contributing factors in developing masculinities. An unexpected factor that was discovered during the interviews was the importance of hockey for four out of the five participants. The way in which masculinities are formed and acted out is very complex, with no one factor being more important than the other. The culture in which these males grew up had a major influence on their development, the way they were raised and the education they received. At times, it seemed like the family was most influential in forming gender identities, as seen through the stories of each participant and myself. The family existed within the community which has a strong connection to traditional gender roles, which can then influence how males grow up, and to what they are exposed. In order for there to be a better understanding of how educators contribute to the forming of masculinities, there needs to be education in teaching programs devoted to this understanding. I have developed a university course as a way of contributing to the knowledge of masculinity development.
en
Education
Identity
Masculinities
Teachers
Narratives of gender and identity of young men : education, family and community in a northern BC single industry town
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